The influence of chronic arterial hypertension upon the permeability to albumin of the cerebral capillaries, i.e. the blood-brain barrier, was studied in normotensive Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats with experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. The blood-brain barrier permeability to albumin was assessed quantitatively by spectrophotometric determination of Evans blue extravasati...

Ruptured intracranial vertebral artery dissection is a cause of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Urgent intervention should be considered to prevent fatal rebleeding. Endovascular parent artery occlusion, which is the initial treatment of choice, is not suitable for patients with a hypoplastic or occlusive contralateral vertebral artery. We report a case of ruptured vertebral artery disse...

The occurrence of intracranial traumatic pseudoaneurysm (TPA) in the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) is extremely rare. Management is challenging as it bears a high mortality. We encountered a case of PICA-TPA which was initially misdiagnosed as aneurysm pre-surgically. A 44-years old woman presented with sudden onset of change in mental status, headache and vomiting for 3 hours. Sh...

Introduction. Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States. About 20% of the stroke is hemorrhagic and about 50% of these is due to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. A troublesome neuropsychiatric complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage is agitation/aggression. Case Presentation. A 45-year-old man with no prior psychiatric history, sustained subarachnoid hemorrhag...

Background: Neuropsychological outcomes are an important component of the morbidity after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Data on relationship between delayed cereberal ischemia (DCI) and neuropsychological remains sparse. We herein assess DCI outcomes, as measured by Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (MoCA) at 90 days in patients with aSAH. Methods: performed a post-hoc analysis N...

Expansion of traumatic Delayed and isolated intracerebral hemorrhage: intraventricular tension Treatment implications with pneumocephalus after recombinant factor VIIa shunting for normal pressure hydrocephalus Sir, I read with interest the recent article by Yadav et al. They reported an expansion in hematoma volume in about Sir, 16% of cases that were re-imaged within 24 hours of the Tension i...

Comment. The size of the submacular hemorrhage has not been shown to affect the outcome of this procedure. Hassan et al showed good results even in large, thick submacular hemorrhages. There are conflicting reports with regard to the duration of submacular hemorrhage. In a series by Hattenbach et al, no eyes with a submacular hemorrhage duration longer than 21 days showed any improvement. Howev...

Introduction The protein S-100 beta (PS-100) is a small dimeric cytosolic protein synthetized in astrocytes and Schwann cells. High serum levels of PS-100 are associated with brain lesions and altered blood-brain barrier permeability in traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, cerebral tumors and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Early brain damage has been detected in patients with cirrhosis. We hypoth...

OBJECT Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a poor prognostic factor for traumatic brain injury. The authors aimed to further investigate neurological outcome among head injury patients by examining the prognostic values of CT patterns of traumatic SAH, in particular, the thickness and distribution. METHODS The study was conducted using a database in a regional trauma center in Hong Kon...