Enlarged cortical components of somatosensory evoked potentials (giant SEPs) recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) and abnormal somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEFs) recorded by magnetoencephalography (MEG) are observed in the majority of patients with cortical myoclonus (CM). Studies on simultaneous recordings of SEPs and SEFs showed that generator mechanism of giant SEPs involves bot...

Background: Posterior tibial slope (PTS) is an important factor in the knee joint biomechanics and one of the bone features, which leads to knee joint stability. Posterior tibial slope affects flexion gap, knee joint stability and posterior femoral rollback that are related to wide range of knee motion. During high tibial osteotomy and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery, proper retaining the...

UNLABELLED We describe a modification of the sciatic nerve (SN) block in the popliteal fossa through the lateral approach. After a brief anatomic study using previously reported landmarks, we propose a new needle orientation associated with a double injection technique after identification of the tibial and the common peroneal nerve. Thirty-four patients undergoing ankle or foot surgery were en...

Electrodiagnostic data have not been previously reported in tabes dorsalis. A patient with tabes dorsalis is described whose nerve conduction studies and median nerve somatosensory evoked responses (SEPs) were normal. H-reflexes were absent. SEPs of the tibial nerve suggested posterior column dysfunction. These electrodiagnostic findings correlate precisely with the known pathology of tabes dor...

Persistent sciatic vein is considered a relatively rare anatomical finding, commonly associated with the Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome. We report case of large unilateral persistent in right lower limb an adult male cadaver, identified during routine dissection. The size was comparable to nerve and it originated from union posterior tibial veins at distal end popliteal fossa. It ascending pa...

Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is a non-invasive method commonly used to evaluate neuromuscular function from brain to muscle (supra-spinal, spinal and peripheral levels). The present protocol describes how this method can be used to stimulate the posterior tibial nerve that activates plantar flexor muscles. Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation consists of inducing an electrical...

Purpose: To explore whether stimulation of C-fibers in tibial nerves can induce bladder inhibition by optogenetic transdermal illumination. Methods: Ten rats were injected with AAV2/6-hSyn-ChR2(H134R)-EYFP into the nerves. Transurethral cystometry was performed 4 weeks after virus injection. Illumination (473-nm blue light at 100 mW) fiber positioned above right hind paw near ankle. The transmi...

This study examined the effect of a warning and of prior instruction on the early components of the cerebral potential produced by stimulation of the left posterior tibial nerve at the ankle. Early components of this potential are dominated by the activity in muscle afferents from the small muscles of the foot. In 50% of presentations, the stimulus to the posterior tibial nerve was preceded by ...