Adina Roskies [1] argues that recent developments in the neurosciences do not challenge our ideas of free will and personal responsibility. She limits her discussion, however, to 'libertarian free will', and her argument focuses on the idea that we are able to act differently from how we choose to act. She does not address the influential new compatibilist views of free will and responsibility ...

Clinical medicine, a learned, rational, science-using practice, is labelled a science even though physicians have the good sense not to practise it that way. Rather than thinking like scientists - or how we think scientists think - physicians are engaged in analogical, interpretive reasoning that resembles Aristotle's phronesis, or practical reasoning, more closely than episteme, or scientific ...

0. Is there any distinctive aspect of rationality that deserves the label of ―instrumental rationality‖? Recently, Joseph Raz (2005) has argued that instrumental rationality is a ―myth‖. In this essay, I shall give some qualified support to Raz‘s position: as I shall argue, many philosophers have indeed been seduced by certain myths about instrumental rationality. Nonetheless, Raz‘s conclusion ...

In their article “Grit,” Jennifer Morton and Sarah Paul put forward an account of the rationality grit. They argue that gritty agent is epistemically resilient in her response to evidence incapacity, she rational doing so, insofar as such a permissible once has taken on commitment pursuing goal. present discussion, I disregard significance freedom for understanding Their view thus faces problem...

Nihilism about practical reasoning is the thesis that there no such thing as rationality—as rationally figuring out what to do. While other philosophers have defended a theoretically oriented version of thesis, usually called “error theory”, case made for fully it: we are so bad at do not really know doing it right would much look like. In particular, our control instrumental (or means-end) rat...

Fatalism and Rationality are two separate valuable attributes. In Rationalism and rationality, the active and creative role of human is emphasized, meaning ignorance aversion, imagination aversion, illusion removal and superstition removal. This concept is the opposite of the concept of fatalism in which human has the minimum activity and the emphasis is very much on the role of trans-physics i...

Brandenburger, Friedenberg, and Keisler [Econometrica 76 (2008), 307352] show that rationality and common assumption of rationality (RCAR) is impossible in a complete and continuous type structure. We show, by inroducing an alternative notion of “weak assumption”, that rationality and common weak assumption of rationality (RCWAR) is possible in a complete and continuous type structure. This pos...

The rationality of a fuzzy choice function is a hot research topic in the study of fuzzy choice functions. In this paper, two common fuzzy sets are studied and analyzed in the framework of the Banerjee choice function. The complete rationality and bounded rationality of fuzzy choice functions are defined based on the two fuzzy sets. An assumption is presented to study the fuzzy choice function,...

Rationality is a fundamental concept in economics. Most researchers will accept that human beings are not fully rational. Herbert Simon suggested that we are “bounded rational”. However, it is very difficult to quantify “bounded rationality”, and therefore it is difficult to pinpoint its impact to all those economic theories that depend on the assumption of full rationality. Ariel Rubinstein pr...