This paper studies the use of records and dependent types in GF (Grammatical Framework) to build a grammar for predication with an unlimited number of subcategories, also covering extraction and coordination. The grammar is implemented for Chinese, English, Finnish, and Swedish, sharing the maximum of code to identify similarities and differences between the languages. Equipped with a probabili...

Plural predications (e.g., "the boxes are heavy") are common sources of ambiguity in everyday language, allowing both distributive and collective interpretations (e.g., the boxes each are heavy vs. the boxes together are heavy). This paper investigates the role of context in the disambiguation of plural predication. We address the key phenomenon of "stubborn distributivity," whereby certain pre...

0. Introduction This paper addresses one of the linking problems involving prepositional phrases (PPs) especially those involving beneficiary for, and argues that such PPs are best analyzed as adjunct PPs. In this paper I propose that external predication is more appropriate for these PPs than Wechsler's (1995) argument-annexing approach. The argument and analysis put forth in this paper assume...

A persistent question in the SLA (second language acquisition) research concerns the status of the involvement of the native language (i.e. L1 transfer). Inquiry into the question has been made on the basis of a variety of linguistic frameworks, such as contrastive analysis (Lado, 1957), L2 (second language) generative parametric approach (Flynn, 1987; White, 1989; Schwartz, 1996), and the more...

Correlations between protein structures and amino acid sequences are widely used for protein structure prediction. For example, secondary structure predictors generally use correlations between a secondary structure sequence and corresponding primary structure sequence, whereas threading algorithms and similar tertiary structure predictors typically incorporate interresidue contact potentials. ...

Adipose tissue plays an important role in energy metabolism. Adipose dysfunction is closely related to obesity and type II diabetes. Glucose uptake is the key step for fat synthesis in adipocyte. miRNAs have been proven to play a crucial role in adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis and glucose homeostasis. In this paper, we firstly reported that miR-146b decreased glucose consumption by up-r...