Armstrong rightly acknowledges this subject's importance and her assembled writers have contributed chapters that are both informative and interesting.

Package of essential noncommunicable (PEN) disease interventions for primary health care in low-resource settings.

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The process of the health reform being experienced by Ecuador has had significant achievements because it occurs within the framework of a new Constitution of the Republic, which allowed the incorporation of historical social demands that arose from the criticism of neoliberalism in the restructure and modernization of the state. The backbone of the reform consists of three components: organiza...

Primary health care in Cameroon meets with serious obstacles. The state gives it a low priority in its budget and over-all policy. The health institutions are rarely active in this field. Institutions which do practice some primary health care are usually foreign. The villagers, Finally, are little interested. They insist only on improvement of curative services and material life conditions. Th...

Primary care is currently at the heart of health service policy, both in Portugal and internationally. At the same time, interest in the measurement of efficiency of health care delivery has increased considerably. However, very few studies have focused specifically on performance assessment in primary health care provision. In this paper we aim to contribute to a discussion regarding appropria...

In 1920, the Dawson report advocated a population based approach to the organisation of health services, the allocation of resources, and the training of health care staff. It also introduced the concepts of primary and secondary levels of care and of primary care health centres. For several decades these ideas lay dormant, until medical specialisation, fragmentation of health services, and the...

This article seeks to contribute to the debate about participation and health by presenting a framework for psychosocial interventions in primary health care. It highlights the social psychological dimensions of participation and the role it plays in improving conditions of living and thus health. The Freirean concepts of dialogue, recognition and conscientization, combined with understanding o...

OBJECTIVES This study assessed whether income inequality and primary care physician supply have a different effect on mortality among Blacks compared with Whites. METHODS We conducted a multivariate ecologic analysis of 1990 data from 273 US metropolitan areas. RESULTS Both income inequality and primary care physician supply were significantly associated with White mortality (P < .01). Afte...

The Partnership for Reviving Routine Immunization in Northern Nigeria - Maternal, Newborn and Child Health initiative supports efforts by the government of Nigeria to bridge primary health care (PHC) policies and services at three levels of government: federal, state and local. The paper suggests that understandings informed by complexity theory and complex adaptive systems have been helpful in...