Using data from the European Social Survey on most EU countries, we look at the relationship between ethnic identity, segregation and employment prospects, as well as at the individual characteristics associated with a strong ethnic identity. Different measures of ethnic identity are considered. We find that a strong attachment to ethnic customs and traditions seems to be associated with a lowe...

identity, a series of traits and characteristics that makes a person or a member of the community come to a kind of “ recognition” about individuals and other communities; the city also, following the example of this criterion gains character and gets independent. identity in the city, through the creation and association with “public memories” of citizens causes the sense of interest and depen...

Let R be a non-domain commutative ring with identity and A(R) be theset of non-zero ideals with non-zero annihilators. We call an ideal I of R, anannihilating-ideal if there exists a non-zero ideal J of R such that IJ = (0).The annihilating-ideal graph of R is defined as the graph AG(R) with the vertexset A(R) and two distinct vertices I and J are adjacent if and only if IJ =(0). In this paper,...

let m be an artinian module over the commutative ring a (with nonzero identity) and a p spec a be such that a is a finitely generated ideal of a and am = m. also suppose that h = h where h. = m/ (0: a )for i