Several mouse aldehyde dehydrogenases catalyze the detoxification of aldophosphamide, the pivotal metabolite of the prodrugs cyclophosphamide, mafosfamide, and other oxazaphosphorines. N-Isopropyl-p-formylbenzamide, a major metabolite of procarbazine, was found to be an excellent substrate (Km = 0.84 microM) for at least one of these enzymes, namely, mouse aldehyde dehydrogenase-2. The Km for m...

The antitumor activities of seventeen antitumor alkylating agents have been studied in the xenograft of human mammary carcinoma transplanted in nude mice (MX-I). The drugs employed in this study were; cyclophosphamide. ifosfamide. 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-l-nitrosourea (CCN U). 1-(2-ehloroethyl)3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-I-nitrosourea (me-CCN U). 2-[3-(2-ehloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-2-deoxyD...

six patients with disseminated hodgkin's disease resistant to mopp (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone), and abvd (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) chemotherapy were treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous marrow transplantation. the patients first underwent marrow aspiration and storage for subsequent autologous bone marrow transplant...

BACKGROUND Faced with unsatisfactory results of treatment for advanced Hodgkin's disease, we investigated three combinations of chemotherapy. METHODS From 1993 to 1998, 1201 eligible patients 15 to 65 years of age who had newly diagnosed Hodgkin's disease in unfavorable stage IIB or IIIA or stage IIIB or IV were randomly assigned to receive eight cycles of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, proca...

BACKGROUND Optimal treatment for recurrent primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) has not been defined yet and there is no general consensus about the salvage chemotherapy after high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX)-based chemotherapy. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy for recurrent PCNSLs...

PURPOSE Our goals were to evaluate the safety of adding rituximab to methotrexate (MTX)-based chemotherapy for primary CNS lymphoma, determine whether additional cycles of induction chemotherapy improve the complete response (CR) rate, and examine effectiveness and toxicity of reduced-dose whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) after CR. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty patients (17 women; median age, 57...

PURPOSE Meta-analyses of the published literature suggest a survival benefit to adjuvant chemotherapy for high-grade astrocytoma, which individual small trials have been unable to demonstrate reliably. The Medical Research Council Brain Tumour Working Party initiated the largest randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy for glioma in an attempt to provide a definitive answer. PATIENTS AND MET...

The risk of developing premature ovarian failure and azoospermia is a major concern in long-term survivors treated for Hodgkin's lymphoma. Alkylating chemotherapy containing procarbazine and/or cyclophosphamide causes prolonged azoospermia in 90-100% of men and premature ovarian failure in 5-25% of women under the age of 30. The risk of infertility increases with the cumulative dose of alkylati...