The sequential parameter optimization (spot) package for R (R Development Core Team, 2008) is a toolbox for tuning and understanding simulation and optimization algorithms. Model-based investigations are common approaches in simulation and optimization. Sequential parameter optimization has been developed, because there is a strong need for sound statistical analysis of simulation and optimizat...

Lyophilization is widely used in the preservation of thermolabile products. The main shortcoming long processing time. processes are mostly based on a recipe that not changed, but, with Quality by Design (QbD) approach and use Process Analytical Technology (PAT), process duration can be optimized for maximum productivity while ensuring product safety. In this work, an advanced PAT endpoint dete...

A gap is generated in the weld joint due to dimensional error of welded parts and thermal deformation aluminum alloy’s gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process alloy. The optimum conditions corresponding different gaps are required field. In this study, were optimized using Taguchi’s design experiment method response gaps. Al5083-O with a thickness 4.0 mm was used as base material, GMAW performed o...

Climate change, limited fossil resources and steady population growth drive industrial development of sustainable biomass based processes for production of fuels, platform and specialty chemicals. In this context phototrophic microalgae cultivation processes are poised to play a central role for development of next generation bioprocesses due to high cellular growth rates and excellent yields o...

the mathematical aspect of cartographic mapping is a process which establishes a unique connection between points of the earth’s sphere and their images on a plane. it was proven in differential geometry that an isometric mapping of a sphere onto a plane with all corresponding distances on both surfaces remaining identical can never be achieved since the two surfaces do not possess the same gau...