In computational models of argumentation, argument justification has attracted more attention than statement justification, and significant sensitivity losses are identifiable when dealing with the justification of statements by otherwise appealing formalisms. This paper reappraises statement justification as a formalism-independent component in argument-based reasoning. We introduce a novel ge...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to explore the implementation of nutrition recommendations made in the 2010 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, Child and Adult Care Food Program: Aligning Dietary Guidance for All, in school-based after-school snack programmes. DESIGN A descriptive study. SETTING One large suburban school district in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. SUBJECTS None. ...

Deuterium labelling is used to show that the disproportionation of thioxanthylium salts involve transfer of a hydride, (deuteride) ion from the9-positionof one molecule of the compound, as its hydro], to the 9 - position of another molecule in the cation form

This paper reviews the evolution of Thai food and nutrition label policies and Thailand's international role relating to food product safety and standards. The historical record has been interpreted to identify future trends and challenges related to food labelling. These challenges are arising in Thailand and many similar emerging economies. Thailand has a good reputation in world food markets...

3-azidiamantane (DIA-N2) has been shown to be a photolabile carbene-generating probe interacting specifically with cytochrome P450 (P450) active centre. To evaluate the modification of P450 by the probe, radiolabelled [9-3H]-3-azidiamantane was prepared by reductive dehalogenation of its precursor, 3-oxo-9-bromodiamantane ethylene ketal. The synthesis was optimized as the proper precursor and r...

Environmental quality is often a credence good and consumers are unable to distinguish between green and brown products. The paper aims to investigate the role of certification in providing information about product quality and reducing market inefficiencies when the certification process is imperfect. We consider a duopoly in a vertically differentiated product model where firms compete in qua...

In 2010, Dutch stakeholders signed a code of conduct to prevent the introduction and spread of aquatic invasive plant species. This voluntary agreement between the government and horticulture sector (i.e. plant nurseries and retailers) has the objective to ban the sale of invasive species and to increase public awareness and stakeholder involvement in measures to prevent new introductions of po...

Individuals su ering from IgE-mediated food allergies are obliged to systematically eliminate the culprit allergen from their diet. To support allergic consumers in avoiding food allergens to make informed and safe purchasing choices, the European Union (EU) Food Information Regulation (FIR) imposes a requirement to label the 13 most common allergenic foods (food groups) as ingredients in pre-p...

Circular economy policies and initiatives largely take place domestically, yet they have important interlinkages with international trade. This report explores how to make circular trade mutually supportive by mapping out potential misalignments identifying opportunities align strengthen both policy areas. The highlights the various between economy, examines interactions at level, focussing on ...

Chord labels for recorded audio are in high demand both as an end product used by musicologists and hobby musicians and as an input feature for music similarity applications. Many past algorithms for chord labelling are based on chromagrams, but distribution of energy in chroma frames is not well understood. Furthermore, non-chord notes complicate chord estimation. We present a new approach whi...