The challenges of the marketplace are met by product developers in two ways: development of innovative products and reducing product costs. Cost reduction alone is not a substitute for innovation. Cost-oriented product development is systematical engineering work, which requires an interdisciplinary approach, and needs to be efficient and effective. The costs that are of interest here are those...

This paper concerns with a product of circles induced by the quaternionic product considered in a projective manner. Several properties of this composition law are derived and on this way we arrive at some special numbers as roots or powers of unit. We extend this product to cycles as oriented circles and to pairs of circles by using the algebra of octonions. Three applications of the given pro...

GenVoca is a methodology and technology for generating product-lines, building variants of the same program. The primitive components from which applications are constructed are refinements or layers, which are modules that implement a feature that many programs of a product-line can share. Unlike conventional components (e.g., COM, CORBA, EJB), a layer encapsulates fragments of multiple classe...

In recent years, oral tobacco-derived nicotine (OTDN) pouches have emerged as a new tobacco product category. They are available in variety of flavors and do not contain cut or ground leaf. The on!® fall within this category OTDN products currently marketed seven (7) with five (5) different levels. Evaluation the release from these is valuable for assessment product-to-product comparisons. work...

In the fuzzy arithmetic, the definitions of addition and multiplication of fuzzy numbers are based on Zadeh’s extension principle. From theoretical and practical points of view, this multiplication of fuzzy numbers owns several unnatural properties. Recently, to avoid this shortcoming, a new multiplicative operation of product type is introduced, the so-called cross-product of fuzzy numbers. Th...

This is a short comment on the Moyal formula for deformation quantization. It is shown that the Moyal algebra of functions on the plane is canonically isomorphic to an algebra of matrices of infinite size.

A manufactured product usually has a great amount of design knowledge and other product information associated with it in CAD drawings and other technical documentation. Today, such product information mainly enables preventive maintenance of products. By collecting usage, performance and maintenance information about the product, it could be possible to perform more predictive maintenance. The...

Software product line (SPL) is a set of software systems that share a common set of features satisfying the specific needs of a particular market segment. A feature represents an increment in functionality relevant to some stakeholders. SPLs commonly use a feature model to capture and document common and varying features. The key challenge of using feature models is to derive a product configur...