in this research, an innovative numerical simulating approach for time domain analysis of multi degrees of freedom structures with uncertainty in dynamic properties is presented. a full scale finite element model of multi-story and multi bays of three sample structures has been constructed. the reduced order model of structure with holding the dominant and effective gramians in the balanced sta...

challenges in evaluating sleep disturbances in patients with hand and upper extremity disease

background and aims: since using city power for welding process is not allowed, diesel generators are used as a power supply in construction industries. they could be introduced as a main source of noise pollution. the purposes of this study were to assess and control noise pollution produced by construction diesel generators in hamadan, iran. methods: in this descriptive, cross-sectional study...

noise is a common and widespread problem in workplaces. noise can lead to hearing loss, hypertension, nervous and mental disorders, annoyance and stress, sleep disturbance, negative impact on productivity and working capacity. the undesirable effects of noise on an individual or group are called annoyance. some personal and social characteristics can affect on annoyance. this study was aimed to...

Conservation agriculture (CA) integrates ecological management with scientific agricultural production. CA promotes minimal disturbance of the soil by tillage (zero tillage), balanced application of chemical inputs (only as required for improved soil quality and healthy crop and animal production), and careful management of residues and wastes. CA Promotes application of fertilizers, pesticides...

Abstract Ecosystems often experience small-scale disturbances through recreational foot and bike traffic. The intermediate disturbance hypothesis predicts that frequent in grasslands can negatively impact native species lead to invasion by disturbance-adapted, non-native species. Disturbance studies examine intentional or unintended larger scale disturbances, but do not commonly focus on common...

1. Methods for assessing habitat sensitivity to human impacts are needed to gauge the sustainability of existing impacts, develop spatial management plans and support meaningful environmental impact assessments. These methods should be quantitative, validated, repeatable and applicable at the scales of impact and management. 2. Existing methods for assessing the sensitivity of marine habitats t...

Abstract Objective The Delta-Notch signaling pathway induces fine-grained patterns of differentiation from initially homogeneous progenitor cells in many biological contexts, including Drosophila bristle formation, where mathematical modeling reportedly suggests the importance production rate components this pathway. In contrast, epithelial bile ducts developing liver is unique that it occurs a...

The distribution and flowering patterns of hummingbird-pollinated plants were compared from July 1981 to June 1983 in three patch types in cloud forest at Monteverde, Costa Rica. Study plots were: (1) four recent, large (1100-2500 m2 ) disturbances ("cutovers") produced by cutting vegetation, (2) six recent, smaller (200-600 m2 ) disturbances caused by treefalls, and (3) four plots (1600-1800 m...

We constantly make small errors during movement and use them to adapt our future movements. Movement experiments often probe this error-driven learning by perturbing movements and analyzing the after-effects. Past studies have applied perturbations of varying nature such as visual disturbances, position- or velocity-dependent forces and modified inertia properties of the limb. However, little i...