We present the project of developing computational algebra inside type theory in an integrated way. As a rst step towards this, we present direct constructive proofs of Dickson's lemma and Hilbert's basis theorem, and use this to prove the constructive existence of Grr obner bases. This can be seen as an integrated development of the Buchberger algorithm, and so far we have a concise formalisat...

Information technology (IT) outsourcing is one of the major issues facing organizations in today's rapidly changing business environment. Due to its very nature of uncertainty, it is critical for companies to manage and mitigate the high risks associated with IT outsourcing practices including the task of vendor selection. In this study, we explore the two-stage vendor selection approach in IT ...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problem of the fair valuation of annuities contracts. The market consistent valuation of these products requires a pricing framework which includes the two main sources of risk affecting the value of the annuity, i.e. interest rate risk and mortality risk. As the IASB has not set any specific guidelines as to which models are the most appropriate for ...

Extensive non-engineered landfilling practice in developing countries has raised environmental concerns, but operating a sanitary landfill appears infeasible due to financial incapability. This study aims determine the feasibility of project by including its values into appraisal while simultaneously applying three policy-relevant methods—non-market valuation, benefits transfer, and cost-benefi...

the aim of this paper is to generalize the‎‎notion of pseudo-almost valuation domains to arbitrary‎ ‎commutative rings‎. ‎it is shown that the classes of chained rings‎ ‎and pseudo-valuation rings are properly contained in the class of‎ ‎pseudo-almost valuation rings; also the class of pseudo-almost‎ ‎valuation rings is properly contained in the class of quasi-local‎ ‎rings with linearly ordere...

The valuation of insurance liabilities has traditionally been dealt with by actuaries, who closely monitored underlying illiquid features, assumed a long-term perspective, and exercised their own subjective, expert judgment. However, the new EU regulatory regime Solvency II (S2) come to require market-consistent supplemented risk-sensitive capital. This is considered an unwanted shift towards s...

The valuation monoids and pseudo-valuation monoids have been established through valuation domains and pseudo-valuation domains respectively. In this study we continue these lines to describe the almost valuation monoids, almost pseudo-valuation monoids and pseudoalmost valuation monoids. Further we also characterized the newly described monoids as the spirit of valuation monoids pseudo-valuati...

In this paper we consider N−phased investment opportunities where the time evolution of the project value follows a jump-di usion process. An explicit valuation formula is derived under two di erent scenarios: in the rst case we consider xed and certain investment costs and in the second case we consider cost uncertainty and assume that investment costs follow a jump-di usion process.