• The increasing tourism services near protected areas affect adversely the landscape. anthropization index was applied considering land cover of different years. tourist infrastructure is in most anthropized sites buffer zone.

Although in strictly protected areas no forest management and logging activities should be evident, a preliminary study detected that, even the 200 with highest protection of Russia, more than 2 Mha trees have been lost between 2001 2018. Nonetheless, relevant percentage actual drivers tree loss Russian was surrounded by uncertainties due to several factors. Here, an attempt “clarify smokescree...