CTLA-4 (CD152) is transiently induced on the cell surface of activated T cells and expression is limited at a low level. In this study, we investigated the possibility that phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI 3-K) and other related PI kinases associated with the cytoplasmic domain of CTLA-4 are involved in intracellular trafficking and sorting of CTLA-4 protein. Treatment with micromolar concentr...

Sorting signals on cargo proteins are recognized by coatomer for selective uptake into COPI (coatomer)-coated vesicles. This study shows that coatomer couples sorting signal recognition to the GTP hydrolysis reaction on ARF1. Coatomer responds differently to different signals. The cytoplasmic signal sequence of hp24a inhibits coatomer-dependent GTP hydrolysis. By contrast, the dilysine retrieva...

The article provides information on the “Dielectric” device for sorting seeds of agricultural crops and results theoretical research seed sorting. experiments showed that diameter number turns working body rice in device, expected result can be achieved by applying high voltage to electrodes with opposite signals.

Myelin is a specialized membrane enriched in glycosphingolipids and cholesterol that contains a restricted set of proteins. The mechanisms by which oligodendrocytes target myelin components to myelin are not known. To identify the sorting determinants for protein transport to myelin, we used a primary oligodendrocyte culture system in which terminal differentiation is synchronized and there is ...

K(+) channels operate in the plasma membrane and in membranes of organelles including mitochondria. The mechanisms and topogenic information for their differential synthesis and targeting is unknown. This article describes 2 similar viral K(+) channels that are differentially sorted; one protein (Kesv) is imported by the Tom complex into the mitochondria, the other (Kcv) to the plasma membrane....

in this study, an intelligent system for sorting closed shell and open shell pistachio nuts, was designed and developed based on combined acoustic and artificial neural network (ann) techniques. the system included a microphone, pc, material handling equipment and an air reject pneumatic mechanism. the microphone, placed under the steel plate, received sound signals generated by the pistachio n...

Arginine (Arg)-based endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization signals are sorting motifs involved in the quality control of multimeric membrane proteins. They are distinct from other ER localization signals like the C-terminal di-lysine [-K(X)KXX] signal. The Pmp2p isoproteolipid, a type I yeast membrane protein, reports faithfully on the activity of sorting signals when fused to a tail containi...