Wnt signaling plays an essential role in developmental and regenerative myelination of the CNS; however, contributions of proximal regulators of the Wnt receptor complex to these processes remain undefined. To identify components of the Wnt pathway that regulate these processes, we applied a multifaceted discovery platform and found that Daam2-PIP5K comprise a novel pathway regulating Wnt signa...

Up-regulation of D2-class signaling in dopamine-denervated 2 striatum is in part mediated by D3 receptors acting on CaV2.1 3 channels via PIP2 depletion 4 5 6 7 G. Aleph Prieto, Azucena Perez-Burgos, Marcela Palomero-Rivero, Elvira Galarraga, 8 Rene Drucker-Colin, and Jose Bargas 9 10 11 12 Instituto de Fisiología Celular-Neurociencias. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 13 México, Mexico City, M...

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) plays a central role in the activation of several transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. The role of PIP2 on temperature gating of thermoTRP channels has not been explored in detail, and the process of temperature activation is largely unexplained. In this work, we have exchanged different segments of the C-terminal region between cold-sensitiv...

PURPOSE To determine hand surface landmarks and measurements that may be useful in localizing the A1 pulley and digital neurovascular structures in the treatment of trigger thumb. METHODS We highlighted 4 surface landmarks in 20 adult cadaveric hands: the radial border of the index finger, the ulnar border of the thumb, the thumb interphalangeal joint flexion creases, and the thumb metacarpop...

Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) flexion contracture is a common complication following hand injuries and conditions. This study investigated the treatment outcome of 20 subjects with PIP flexion contracture who followed a dynamic splinting program using either a Capener or low-profile outrigger. The splint applied a 250-g force to the distal end of the middle phalanx. Each patient was instructed...

The critical initiation phase of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) determines where and when endocytosis occurs. Heterotetrameric adaptor protein 2 (AP2) complexes, which initiate clathrin-coated pit (CCP) assembly, are activated by conformational changes in response to phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and cargo binding at multiple sites. However, the functional hierarchy of inter...

The S4 segment and the S4-S5 linker of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are crucial for voltage sensing. Previous studies on the Shaker and Kv1.2 channels have shown that phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) exerts opposing effects on Kv channels, up-regulating the current amplitude, while decreasing the voltage sensitivity. Interactions between PIP2 and the S4 segment or the S4-S5...

Background. A priority in hand therapy following Dupuytren’s fasciectomy is to regain and maintain extension of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ). Historically this has been achieved through the application of mechanical stress to the affected digit with splinting and exercise. However, loss of a normal pattern of digital flexion in both the operated and non-operated digits is a common ...

A 35 year-old female patient visited our outpatient clinic with a protruding skin lesion on the right index finger that caused discomfort with movement [Figure 1]. The patient reported that the lesion had started growing 12 months ago. Physical examination showed a 1.5 x 1.0 cm, nontender, subcutaneous mass on the radial side of the proximal phalanx associated with limitation of proximal interp...

Fractures of the proximal phalanges of the hands can be treated by many methods. With surgical intervention, a loss in proximal interphalangeal joint movement is common. Using the stabilizing effect of the zancolli complex-metacarpophalangeal retention apparatus and an external device such as a thermoplastic metacarpophalangeal block splint, proximal phalangeal fractures can be stabilized in te...