Optical character reader (OCR) technology for reading documents, such as monetary transaction documents, is becoming more and more important than ever before.The position of the printed character string is sometimes largely shifted from its designated position, and there may be two or more directions in spite of one sheet of paper. There are various causes, the performance of the printer, a mis...

Please find enclosed proofs of your article for publication in the next issue of the above-named journal. We would be grateful if you would kindly check and return the proofs at your earliest convenience — ideally, within one week of receipt. The proofs have been prepared on a desk-top publishing system. Although this facilitates the inclusion of author's corrections, we would be grateful if yo...

The dissemination of information has evolved from word-of-mouth through the printing press to the electronic communications systems of today. Although electronic media make available vast quantities of data, such systems lack the ability to present information in a personalized and useful way. Interactive computer environtments in conjunction with rich information resources are instrumental in ...

Based on the XMLstandard a vendor and platform independent exchange format has been defined in order to manage the integration of the complete production chain. This Job Definition Format (JDF) has been initiated by the four companies Adobe, Agfa, Heidelberger Druckmaschinen and MAN Roland and is focused on the workflow of the printing and publishing industries. The further development and main...

The current system of peer-reviewed publications is governed by a cycle — write a paper, submit it, have it undergo review, and be published in an archival journal or conference — that was shaped by the medium used for disseminating the results. Printing and shipping journals or conference proceedings is expensive, and takes time; this gave rise to a publishing process with long lead times and ...

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Open access (OA) journals are rapidly becoming an important channel for publishing academic articles (Rightscom, 2005) and, although they represent a small proportion of the total number of journals published annually, it is significant that organisations such as British Medical Journals (BMJ) operate in this manner. This article explores the broad implementation of OA journals, issues pertaini...

The enzymes immobilization of the is crucially effective factor in biosensor preparation. Metal nanoparticles potentially able to immobilize the enzymes according to unique properties including large surface-to-volume ratio, high surface reaction activity, high catalytic efficiency, and strong adsorption ability. A novel and highly sensitive amperometric glucose biosensor was obtained by using ...