The "evolution of increased competitive ability" (EICA) hypothesis proposes that escape from natural enemies, e.g., after transcontinental introductions, alters the selection regime because costly defenses no longer enhance fitness. Such an evolutionary loss of defenses enables resources to be directed toward growth or other traits improving performance. We tested the EICA hypothesis in a novel...

A collection of 917 accessions of Spanish durum and bread wheat was screened for resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) under field conditions at three locations. Resistance levels ranged from very low to very high, high susceptibility being most frequent. Relative disease severity (referred to the most susceptible accession = 100%) was lower than 20% in about 6% of the accessions in each...

Oogenesis and spermatogenesis of seven populations of Meloidogyne graminis and one population of M. ottersoni (formerly Hypsoperine spp.) were of the meiotic type. When males were abundant, reproduction was by amphirnixis. In most greenhouse cultures, however, males were rare and reproduction was by meiotic parthenogenesis. M. graminis and M. ottersoni are closely related to each other and to M...

Puccinia menthae’nin neden olduğu pas hastalığı nane yetiştiriciliğinde verimi ve yağı kalitesini olumsuz etkileyen faktörlerin başında gelmektedir. Hastalıklı bitkilerde yaprakların üst kısmında açık sarı lekeler, altında gövdede turuncu-kahverengi veya siyah püstüller oluşmaktadır. Hastalığın çok şiddetli yaprak dökülmeleri yaygın olarak görülmektedir. Aydın ilinde yapılan gözlemlerde pası ha...

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt), and stripe rust, caused by P. striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), are destructive foliar diseases of wheat worldwide. Breeding for disease resistance is the preferred strategy of managing both diseases. The continued emergence of new races of Pt and Pst requires a constant search for new sources of resistance. Here we report a genome-wide association ...