The form and stability of quantum vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates with attractive atomic interactions is elucidated. They appear as ring bright solitons, and are a generalization of the Townes soliton to nonzero winding number m. An infinite sequence of radially excited stationary states appear for each value of m, which are characterized by concentric matter-wave rings separated by nodes...

Flow-induced pinning and unpinning of vortices have been investigated experimentally in superfluid 4He at temperatures varying from 14 to 44mK. The lifetime and unpinning velocities of pinned vortices could be measured by following the apparent changes of the critical velocity for phase slips. The pinned vortex size and location can be deduced from the magnitude of these changes and are found, ...

We study the variation of the moduli space of symplectic vortices on a fixed holomorphic curve with respect to the area form. For compact, convex varieties we define gauged Gromov-Witten invariants and prove a wall-crossing formula for them. As an application, we prove a vortex version of the abelianization (or quantum Martin) conjecture of Bertram, Ciocan-Fontanine, and Kim [4], which relates ...

Phys. Fluids 23, 107102 (2011) On electric fields created by quantized vortices Low Temp. Phys. 37, 884 (2011) Torsional oscillation of vortex tangles. Possible applications to oscillations of solid 4He Low Temp. Phys. 37, 408 (2011) Eddy damped quasinormal Markovian simulations of superfluid turbulence in helium II Phys. Fluids 22, 125103 (2010) Comments on the article “Electric properties of ...

Proximity to a superconductor is predicted to induce exotic quantum phases in topological insulators. Here, scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) microscopy reveals that aluminum superconducting rings with topologically insulating Bi2Se3 junctions exhibit a conventional, nearly sinusoidal 2π-periodic current-phase relations. Pearl vortices occur in longer junctions, indic...

The topological charge of a photonic vortex is an essential quantity in singular optics and the critical parameter to characterize vorticity twisted light. However, definition remains elusive. Here we put forth theoretical formalism provide comprehensive treatment vortices. We introduce quantum operators for photon current density helicity based on continuity equations from paraxial Helmholtz e...

The dynamics of vortices in a superfluid film at the absolute zero of temperature is studied. The quantum-mechanical, i.e., “first-quantized” description is compared to a recently proposed quantum-field-theoretic, i.e., “second-quantized” description. The theory, consisting of the nonrelativistic effective action of phonons linearly coupled to a Chern-Simons term, is used to calculate the one-l...

The dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate is studied theoretically in a combined periodic plus harmonic external potential. Different dynamical regimes of stable and unstable collective dipole and Bloch oscillations are analysed in terms of a quantum mechanical pendulum model. Nonlinear interactions are shown to counteract quantum-mechanical dephasing and lead to phase-coherent, superfluid tra...

Vortices carrying truly non-Abelian flux moduli, which do not dynamically reduce to Abelian vortices, are found in the context of softly-broken N = 2 supersymmetric chromodynamics (SQCD). By tuning the bare quark masses appropriately we identify the vacuum in which the underlying SU(N) gauge group is partially broken to SU(n)×SU(r)×U(1)/ZK , where K is the least common multiple of (n, r), and w...

We have analysed the axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric modes of a continuum of vortices in a rotating superfluid. We have investigated how changing the temperature affects the growth rate of the disturbances. We find that, in the long axial wavelength limit the condition q = α/(1 − α) = 1, where α and α are temperature-dependent mutual friction parameters, is the crossover between damped and pr...