bisphenol-a (bpa) is an industrial xenoestrogen used widely in our living environment. recently, several studies suggested that bpa has destructive effects on dna and chromosomes in normal body cells via estrogen receptors (er). therefore, bpa could be considered as an important mediator in many diseases such as cancer. however, there are still many controversial issues which need clarification...

background: variations in cytotoxic t lymphocyte antigen-4 (ctla-4) affect the expression and function of this protein. objective: we aimed to investigate the association of +49 a/g (rs231775), +1822 c/t (rs231779) and +6230 a/g (ct60, rs3087243) genetic variations, as well as the merged haplotypes in ctla-4 gene with susceptibility to, or progression of head and neck cancer. methods: eighty pa...

background: b re a st con s er v i n g surg e ry ( b c s ) f o l l owed b y loc a l rad i ot h e ra p y is the standard t r eatment for e a rly sta g e of breast cancer. margin stat u s may have an important impact on local recurren c e and over a ll s u rvival of patients treated with bcs, but this h a s not b een defined adequately. in this study, we in ve stigated the rela t io n ship betwee...

In order to investigate the effect of rhizobium bacteria, mycorrhiza fungi and foliar application of urea on qualitative and quantitative traits of soybean an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The experiment included six treatments as: Control (C), Rhizobium bacteria (R), Rhizobium bacteria + Mycorrhiza fungi (R+M), Rhizobium bacteria + F...

background:   objective: to understand the changes of mirnas in endometriosis.   materials and methods: with real-time rt-pcr, we investigated the mir-143 and mir-145 expression in eutopic (eu, n=2) and ectopic endometrium (ec, n=11) (from women with endometriosis) (as well as eu+ec, n=11), along with the normal endometrium (en, n=22) (from women without endometriosis, but with leiomyoma). resu...

it has been reported that different species of euphorbia (euphorbiaceae) have antitumor activity. some reports also show that these plants have potential cytotoxic effect against different cell lines. in a program to screen the cytotoxicity of iranian native plants, euphorbia macroclada boiss. was collected, identified, and the cytotoxic activity of dichloromethane, ethylacetate, methanol extra...

the dried plant was extracted with dichloromethane and after defatting with hexane, transferred repeatedly on silica columns using dichloromethane-hexane and ethyl acetate-hexane as mobile phases. finally the fractions were purified by high performance liquid chromatography using a pack-sil column and hexane: ethyl acetate as mobile phase. the structures of the isolated compounds included: cycl...

introduction: the clinical outcome of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (scc) located in the head and neck has remained poor despite ongoing advances in diagnosis and management. interleukin-6(il-6) is a multi-functional cytokine that plays an important role in the process of cell differentiation and is increased in several malignancies. the aim of this study was to investigate the serum le...

background: human cripto-1, a member of the egf-cfc family, is involved in embryonic development, embryonic stem cell maintenance, and tumor progression. it also participates in multiple cell signaling pathways including wnt, notch, and tgf-β. remarkably, it is expressed in cancer stem cell (csc) compartments, boosting tumor cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. although cripto-1 is overe...