Compared with conventional radio frequency (RF) shielding methods in which the conductive coating material encloses the circuits design and the leakage problem occurs due to the gap in such conductive material, non-contact RF shielding at a distance is very promising but still impossible to achieve so far. In this paper, a multi-folded transformation optics method is proposed to design a non-co...

Background: The rapidly increasing use of mobile phones has led to public concerns about possible health effects of these popular communication devices. This study is an attempt to investigate the effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation produced by GSM mobile phones on the insulin release in rats.Methods: Forty two female adult Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group1 we...

Although the important role of the immune system in defending the human body against infections and cancer, only few studies on the possible effects of radiofrequency radiation on the function of human immune cells have been undertaken. The present study was performed to investigate whether radio frequency (RF) field exposure could affect the activity of human immune system cells by studying th...

BACKGROUND MRI has developed into one of the most important medical diagnostic imaging modalities, but it exposes staff to static magnetic fields (SMF) when present in the vicinity of the MR system, and to radiofrequency and switched gradient electromagnetic fields if they are present during image acquisition. We measured exposure to SMF and motion-induced time-varying magnetic fields (TVMF) in...

Radiofrequency radiation (RFR), e.g. electromagnetic waves emitted by our cell phones and Wi-Fi, are referred to as non-ionizing. This means that in contrast to the ionizing radiation, which does induce ionization of water and biologically important macromolecules, RFR does not have a capacity for such effects. Unlike, for example X-rays, the energy of RFR is not enough to break electrons off t...

Every day, we’re swimming in a sea of electromagnetic radiation produced by electrical appliances, power lines, wiring in buildings, and a group of other technologies that are part of modern life. Cell phones have become a vital part of our lives, and its use is not only restricted to voice conversations but also conveying news, high resolution pictures and internet. During recent years there h...

Boney metastasis may lead to terrible suffering from debilitating pain. The most likely malignancies that spread to bone are prostate, breast, and lung. Painful osseous metastases are typically associated with multiple episodes of breakthrough pain which may occur with activities of daily living, weight bearing, lifting, coughing, and sneezing. Almost half of these breakthrough pain episodes ar...

Radiofrequency radiation effects the living things including humans and plants, have recently gained considerable attention. An important factor in expansion of radiofrequency radiations is globalization telecommunications networks. Mobile phone towers Pakistan multiplied by a large number last few years. Increases mobile tower construction sharing pose threat to local flora fauna both urban ru...

Despite advances in current treatment options, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) recurrence still presents as a significant clinical challenge. After initial treatment, HCC occurs considerable portion of patients without an available standardized protocol for managing such incident. Recurrence advanced liver disease may make surgical options impossible, which case, locoregional therapy should be c...