The area of the Dansuie River watershed located in the northern Taiwan is 2,726 km. The main stream runs 159km through the Taipei metropolitan areas as the political, economic, and cultural centers of Taiwan. Owing to short and steep runoff path-lines and non-uniform rainfall patterns, large floods arrive rapidly in the middle-to-downstream reaches of the watershed, causing serious damage. In o...

Climate change is one of the most important challenges which has effect on river runoff. Warmer climatic conditions have intensified the water cycle, rainfall changes, runoff time and amount. There were several studies with different result on this subject all over the world. Due to the importance of karoun zone and lack of studies, the researcher tried to study the effects of this phenomenon o...

General circulation models (GCMs), used to predict rainfall at a seasonal lead-time, tend to simulate too many rainfall events of too low intensity relative to individual stations within a GCM grid cell. Even if bias in total rainfall is corrected relative to a target location, this distortion of frequency and intensity is expected to adversely affect simulations of crop growth and yield. We pr...

A hidden Markov model (HMM) is used to describe daily rainfall occurrence at ten gauge stations in the state of Ceará in northeast Brazil during the February–April wet season 1975–2002. The model assumes that rainfall occurrence is governed by a few discrete states, with Markovian daily transitions between them. Four “hidden” rainfall states are identified. One pair of the states represents wet...

[1] A sudden reduction in rainfall occurred in the southwest of Western Australia in the mid-20th century. This reduced inflows to the Perth water supply by about 120 GL (42%) and led to an acceleration of projects to develop new water sources at a cost of about $300 million. The reduction in rainfall was coincident with warmer temperatures. A major analysis of these changes indicated that the ...

Rainfall and temperature are important climatic inputs for agricultural production, especially in the context of climate change. However, accurate analysis and simulation of the joint distribution of rainfall and temperature are difficult due to possible interdependence between them. As one possible approach to this problem, five families of copula models are employed to model the interdependen...

Merging satellite and rain gauge data by combining accurate quantitative rainfall from stations with spatial continuous information from remote sensing observations provides a practical method of estimating rainfall. However, generating high spatiotemporal rainfall fields for catchment-distributed hydrological modeling is a problem when only a sparse rain gauge network and coarse spatial resolu...

The main approach to design flood estimation in Australia is event-based with the use of flood hydrograph models such as RORB, WBNM and URBS the most common practice for estimating design floods via rainfall based approaches. A characteristic of these models is that the routing of rainfall excess is distributed within the catchment, the amount of routing depending on the amount of sub-division ...

weather process prediction is the tool for managers to planning the future political for maximum operation. the aim of this research is relation investigation of large scale synoptically patterns with seasonal rainfall of khorasan province. in this research, we have analyzed 37 years of rainfall data in khorasan province that is located the northeastern part of iran .we attempted to train adapt...

[1] Predicted precipitation regime changes in arid ecosystems have the potential to alter soil C balance, but the influence of changes in different aspects of precipitation (amount, seasonality, and intensity) and the factors contributing to such effects are poorly understood. We used a process-based ecosystem model (PALS) that was modified, parameterized, and evaluated for a Mojave Desert ecos...