Intracellular Local Ca releases (LCRs) from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) regulate cardiac pacemaker cell function by activation of electrogenic Na/Ca exchanger (NCX) during diastole. Prior studies demonstrated the existence of powerful compensatory mechanisms of LCR regulation via a complex local cross-talk of Ca pump, release and NCX. One major obstacle to study these mechanisms is that LCR exh...

Caregiving by nonparents (alloparenting) and fathers is a defining aspect of human social behavior, yet this phenomenon is rare among mammals. Male prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) spontaneously exhibit high levels of alloparental care, even in the absence of reproductive experience. In previous studies, exposure to a pup was selectively associated with increased activity in oxytocin and va...

Association of odor and reward during the early postnatal period modifies rat pup behavioral responses and olfactory bulb neural responses to subsequent presentations of that odor. Recent evidence has shown that olfactory bulb output neurons, mitral/tufted cells, receive convergent odor and reward inputs. The present report demonstrates that contiguous odor-reward pairings prevent mitral/tufted...

We proposed that mitral cell 1-adrenoceptor activation mediates rat pup odor preference learning. Here we evaluate 1-, 2-, 1-, and 2-adrenoceptor agonists in such learning. The 1-adrenoceptor agonist, dobutamine, and the 1-adrenoceptor agonist, phenylephrine, induced learning, and both exhibited an inverted U-curve dose-response relationship to odor preference learning. Phenylephrine-induced le...

Consistent individual differences (CIDs) in behaviour, indicative of behavioural types or personalities, have been shown in taxa ranging from Cnidaria to Mammalia. However, despite numerous theoretical explanations there remains limited empirical evidence for selective mechanisms that maintain such variation within natural populations. We examined behavioural types and fitness proxies in wild f...

objective(s) the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of oxidative stress in purkinje cell neurotoxicity ofethanol-treated rat. materials and methods male rat pups 4-day-old was used in this study. ethanol was administered to rat pups at a dose of 6 g/kg from postnatal days (pds) 4 to 5.  pups were killed 90 min after the second alcohol treatment on pd 5 by decapitation and the bra...