the majority of hydraulic processes under a natural condition in a field are carried out under unsaturated flow conditions. the soil moisture retention curve (smrc) is the most important hydraulic characteristic of an unsaturated soil whose knowledge is of prime importance in soil-water studies such as soil conservation, soil erosion, land evaluation, soil reclamation, and water resources manag...

in order to study the effect of soil compaction on root and shoot growth of wheat plants (shahriar variety), a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted in guilan university. the study design was factorial with completely randomized in three replications. treatments included three compaction levels; (normal compaction, compaction of ten percent and twenty percent) and two type of soil texture (cl...

Brittleness and other properties such as low thermal stability, medium gas barrier properties and low solvent resistance (e.g., against water) of the pure biopolymer film are often insufficient for food packaging applications. The nanoscale distribution of nanoclays (such as montmorillonite, saponite or hectorite), with a high aspect ratio (100-1,500) and extremely high surface-to-volume ratio ...

to enhance solubility and the performance of a plant gum (from south peach tree of china, sp gum) as a drilling fluid additive, we explored the potential of modified sp (msp) gum by modifying it with epichlorohydrin. the modification conditions, such as the mass ratio of  the crosslinking agent, ph and temperature, were optimized and the results show that 56.40 g/100g mass ratio of the crosslin...

Meyers, P.A., 1993. Origin of the Plio-Pleistocene Vrica laminites: Organic geochemical evidence. Mar. Geol., 115: 117-127. Organic geochemical properties of samples from lower Pleistocene laminite Layer H at Vrica, Calabria, have been examined for evidence of the origin of these dark-colored sediments. The laminite samples are geochemically distinct from the surrounding gray marly clays. They ...

In this study, natural bentonite was used as natural clay material and samples were taken from the Kalecik district in Ankara. In this research, bentonite is the subject of an analysis from standpoint of assessing the basic properties of engineered barriers with respect to the buffer material. Bentonite and sand mixtures were prepared for tests. Some of clay minerals give relatively higher hydr...

a gel composite (based on polyacrylamide and crosslinker cr(iii) acetate) was prepared by solvent method (distillate and water formation) and nanoclay particle (kaolinite). using xrd tests, d001 was evaluated for kaolinite nanoparticles in gel composite. kaolinite modification using dimethyl-sulfoxide led to increase interlamellar spacing from 7.21 to 10.82 o a. based on the results obtained fo...

To enhance solubility and the performance of a plant gum (from south peach tree of China, SP gum) as a drilling fluid additive, we explored the potential of Modified SP (MSP) gum by modifying it with epichlorohydrin. The modification conditions, such as the mass ratio of  the crosslinking agent, pH and temperature, were optimized and the results show that 56.40 g/100g mass ratio of the cros...

Abstract—Coal fly ash, an industrial by product of coal combustion thermal power plants is considered as a hazardous material and its improper disposal has become an environmental issue. On the other hand, manufacturing conventional clay bricks involves on consumption of large amount of clay and leads substantial depletion of topsoil. This paper unveils the possibility of using fly ash as a par...