Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a byproduct of normal metabolism and have roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. Species include oxygen radicals and reactive nonradicals. Mechanisms exist that regulate cellular levels of ROS, as their reactive nature may otherwise cause damage to key cellular components including DNA, protein, and lipid. When the cellular antioxidant capacity is exceeded, o...

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are highly reactive chemical species, which are responsible for oxidative stress inside the cell. They are mainly generated in vascular cells by NAD(P)H oxidases, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and other enzymatic sources, or as a byproduct of mitochondrial respiration. Imbalanced production of ROS lead to exacerbation of pathophysiological proce...

s:2022:"Background: Cryopreservation is an important option for preserving the fertility. We examined the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and developmental competence, of vitrified isolated mice pre-antral follicles as an alternative method for restoring fertility. Materials and Methods: The 140-160 μm pre-antral follicles mechanically isolated from ov...

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by defects in the secretion of insulin or the action of insulin, or both. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation are increased in diabetic patients, especially in those with poor glycemic control. An increase in steady-state level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or...

6- mercaptopurine (6-mp) is widely used in clinic as an immunosuppressive for treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia, crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis with documented unpredictable hepatotoxicity. the potential molecular cytotoxic mechanisms of 6-mp against isolated rat hepatocytes were searched in this study using “accelerated cytotoxicity mechanism screening (acms)” techniques. t...

objective: oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiology of brain ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders.previous studies indicated that viola tricolor and viola odorataare rich sources of antioxidants. this study aimed to determine whether these plants protect neurons against serum/glucose deprivation (sgd)-induced cell death in an in vitro model of ischemia and neurodegeneration....

Free radicals are highly reactive molecules that unstable and have extremely short-short half-life. They derived from either oxygen (reactive species, ROS) or nitrogen RNS) in mitochondria, plasma membrane endoplasmic reticulum due to oxidative stress damage. ROS/RNS physiologically useful at low concentrations responsible for the activation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways, phagocytosis i...