Abstract. This paper presents a time optimal control problem with control constraints of the rectangular type for internally controlled heat equations. An existence result of time optimal controls for such a problem is established. The rectangular type of control constraints originates from the study of time optimal control problems for ordinary differential equations. In the finite dimensional...

This paper presents the design of rectangular, fractal Microstrip patch antenna and their backscattering reduction. These antennas have been designed on εr = 4.3, h = 1.53 mm substrate with rectangular patch dimension 36.08 x 29.6 mm and its 2 iterative fractal patch. The experimental resonant frequency of 2 iterative fractal patch is observed 2.11 GHz in comparison to rectangular patch 2.42 GH...

A rectangular cartogram is a type of map where every region is a rectangle. The size of the rectangles is chosen such that their areas represent a geographic variable (e.g., population). Good rectangular cartograms are hard to generate: The area specifications for each rectangle may make it impossible to realize correct adjacencies between the regions and so hamper the intuitive understanding o...

weirs have widely been used for the flow measurement, flow diversion and its control in the open channels. attempts have been made to study flow over different shapes of normal weirs, side weirs and oblique weirs. this paper is connected with the development of the discharge coefficient measurement. in the present study four different weirs in different height are considered for validation purp...

It is widely accepted that spatial reasoning plays a central role in various artificial intelligence applications. In this paper we study a recent, quite expressive model presented by Skiadopoulos and Koubarakis in [28, 29] for qualitative spatial reasoning with cardinal direction relations. We consider some interesting open problems of this formalism, mainly concerning finding tractable, expre...

This paper addresses the problem of deriving a design and verification method for hybrid systems. The paper applies the theory of Rectangular Petri nets in which the discrete event system is modelled using an extended form of Petri net and the continuous system is represented as a differential inclusion and its dynamics are constrained to rectangular regions of the state space. The Rectangular ...

In this work, we present a discrete fractional Gabor representation on a general, non-rectangular timefrequency lattice. The traditional Gabor expansion represents a signal in terms of time and frequency shifted basis functions, called Gabor logons. This constant-bandwidth analysis uses a fixed, and rectangular time-frequency plane tiling. Many of the practical signals require a more flexible, ...

This paper proposed antenna design of stacked arrangement of rectangular patches with star shaped slot. The simulation results of conventional rectangular patch, stacked arrangement of rectangular patches and stacked arrangement of rectangular patches with star shaped slot and comparative analysis of these three geometries are presented in this paper. The stacked rectangular patch antenna desig...

In the study of Kostka numbers and Catalan numbers, Kirillov posed a unimodality conjecture for the rectangular Narayana polynomials. We prove that the rectangular Narayana polynomials have only real zeros, and thereby confirm Kirillov’s unimodality conjecture. By using an equidistribution property between descent numbers and ascent numbers on ballot paths due to Sulanke and a bijection between...

A rectangular rod is placed in a flow field flowing parallel to a flat plate. Effect of chord-thickness ratio of rectangular rod on developing vortex shedding downstream to the rod is studied. Then, for each one of the aspect ratios, the distance of the rod from the neighboring flat plate is reduced until the rod sticks to the flat plate. In each case, the effect of the flat plate boundary laye...