This case of refractory schizophrenia in a 28 year old male showed significant improvement with clozapine. But therapeutic doses of clozapine were associated with generalised tonic clonic seizures (GTCS). Addition of sodium valproate allowed adequate control of schizophrenic symptoms as well as seizures. EEG abnormality correlated surprisingly well with development of GTCS and subsequent improv...

Hypoglycaemia can lead to acute disorders of cognition, consciousness, epilepsy, transient ischemia, psychosis and chronic disorders of dementia and neuropathy. Misdiagnosis and delay in treatment are common and prolonged hypoglycemia can lead to permanent neurological deficit or fatal coma. Hypoglycemia caused by an insulinoma is a readily treatable condition that should be considered in the d...

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a chromosome disorder (4p-syndrome) which is characterized by craniofacial features and epileptic seizures. Here, we report a case of WHS with West syndrome, in whom the seizures were refractory to several antiepileptic drugs but were responsive to the addition of lamotrigine. The patient had epileptic spasms at age seven months. The interictal electroencephalo...

background: epilepsy is the second common neurologic disorder. although many antiepileptic drugs have been formulated to control the seizures, but not all seizures have been controlled by them. uncontrolled epilepsy can actually reduce the patients’ quality of life. objectives: identifying the proportion of adult intractable epilepsy among epileptic patients in an area in the north east of iran...

Sometimes childhood epilepsy may present with an acute onset of catastrophic seizures, rapidly progressing to intractable status epilepticus with poor outcome. One such example is postencephalitic epilepsy (1), which is a rare epileptic condition and is characterized by different names, such as acute encephalitis with refractory repetitive partial seizures (2), idiopathic catastrophic epileptic...

Epilepsy is a common manifestation of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). More than 80% of individuals with TSC will have seizures, most often beginning in childhood. Several new anticonvulsant medications have become available in recent years, and these drugs along with older medications control the seizures for many individuals. Unfortunately, for some individuals with TSC, the seizure activity...

Researchers from the Children's National Health System in Washington, D.C. studied the feasibility, rate of complications, and effect on seizures of initiating the Ketogenic Diet (KD) in pediatric patients with Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus (SRSE).

Tuberous sclerosis complex is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder that affects multiple organ systems, primarily affecting the central nervous system. It develops with pathogenic mutation in tumour suppressor genes i.e. Sclerosis Complex 1 or 2 which codes for protein hamartin and tuberin leading to unopposed hyperactivation of mammalian target rapamycin signalling pathway. presents tria...

Seizures are a major neurologic disorder in infants and children. It can affect children at any age, from birth through adolescence. Early onset of seizures or the first few months life cause severe cerebral dysfunction. Also, recurrent persistent lead to cognitive behavioral impairment Hence, control is crucial for optimal neurodevelopment. Genetic aetiology suspected early below one year refr...

153 A pproximately 70% of childhood seizures can be treated successfully with medications. For the 30% of patients who are truly refractory to medical treatment—that is, who have had adequate trials with the appropriate medications—surgery may be an option for controlling the seizures. This article will review how surgical candidates are evaluated and how the surgical approach is tailored to th...