In classical statistics the likelihood ratio statistic used in testing hypotheses about covariance matrices does not have a closed form distribution, but asymptotically under strong normality assumptions is a function of the 2-distribution. This distributional approximation totally fails if the normality assumption is not completely met. In this paper we will present multivariate robust testing...

Though relative dominance of photic/non-photic cues on rodent circadian running activity is known, the exclusive role of non-photic entrainers in rats deprived of photic entrainers is not demonstrated and hence present work using retino-hypothalamic pathway blocked male rats (n = 10) was initiated. Blocking is done by enucleation of eyeballs. Circadian running activity is studied before enuclea...

Since the conventional HMM (Hidden Markov Model)-based speech enhancement methods try to improve speech quality by considering all states for the state transition, hence introduce huge computational loads inappropriate to real-time implementation. In the Left-Right HMM (LR-HMM), only the current and the next states are considered for a possible state transition so to reduce the computation comp...

J n response to the current and anticipated changes in the type and intensity of land use activities on Manhattan's West Side, the New York City Department of City Planning is conducting the West Side Transitway Study to ensure that adequate transportation services are in place to serve the new workers, residents, and visitors. The study, funded by the UMTA, is a four-phase effort that is exami...

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to improve a statistical model-based voice activity detection (VAD) method based on a modified conditional maximum a posteriori (MAP) criterion incorporating the spectral gradient scheme. The proposed conditional MAP incorporates not only the voice activity decision in the previous frame as in [1] but also the spectral gradient of the observed spectra ...

1. Classification of Transit Systems 2. Bus Transit System 3. Trolleybus System 4. Rail Transit Systems 5. Tramway/Streetcar and Light Rail Transit LRT 6. Rapid Transit or Metro 7. Automated Guided Transit Systems 8. Regional and Commuter Rail 9. Special Technology Transit Systems 10. Transit Line Scheduling 11. Transit Planning and Selection of Transit Modes 12. Present and Future Role of Urba...

In this paper we investigate the use of voice activity detection (VAD) for improving noise models used for cepstral domain minimum mean squared error (MMSE) filtering of noisy speech. Due to the popularity of MFCC features for speech recognition, it is useful to have VAD methods and MMSE filtering algorithms that both work in the MFCC domain. We propose a method for VAD based on the likelihood ...

Testing for homogeneity in finite mixture models has been investigated by many authors. The asymptotic null distribution of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) is very complex and difficult to use in practice. In this paper we propose a modified LRT for homogeneity in finite mixture models with a general parametric kernel distribution family. The modified LRT has a χ2-type null limiting distributio...

Step1: For each given gene g, fit all possible RIM (FEM) models that include at most two (0,1,or 2) clinical variables. In each model, calculate the p-values associated with the disease effect using likelihood ratio test (LRT) under the null hypothesis Ho:βg0 = 0 . Step2: Select the resulting RIM_minP (FEM_minP) model that has the smallest p-value among all models. Denote by the resulting minim...