The effects of clenbuterol, a selective beta 2-agonist, on isolated smooth muscle preparations from the rabbit bladder body, bladder base and proximal urethra have been investigated. The inhibitory effects on resting tension and acetylcholine- and field stimulation-induced contractions in the bladder body were compared with those of flavoxate, atropine, and verapamil. Clenbuterol (10(-10)-10(-7...

An investigation was carried out to determine whether the sensitivity of rat tracheal smooth muscle to contractile and relaxant drugs was affected by three weeks' treatment with subcutaneous budesonide before death. Budesonide treatment was associated with a lower thymus weight and a smaller gain in body weight than in control animals. There was, however, no difference in the carbachol concentr...

From the rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga, ethyl cinnamate (EC) was isolated and its vasorelaxant effect was examined on the rat aorta. EC inhibited the tonic contractions induced by high K+ and phenylephrine (PE) in a concentration-dependent manner, with respective IC50 values of 0.30 +/- 0.05 mM and 0.38 +/- 0.04 mM. The relaxant effect against PE-induced contractions was greater in the presenc...

The plant Wedelia chinensis was found to be used by different traditional systems and folklore for the treatment of various disorders. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect on central nervous system (CNS) of the ethanol extract of Wedelia chinensis whole plant in Swiss albino mice and Wistar rats.The CNS effects were evaluated by general behaviour, exploratory behaviour, mus...

The neuromuscular effects of succinylcholine (SCh) were described1 by Bovet 1949. The drug was introduced into clinical anesthesia in the United States by Foldes et al 1952, who stated that “the advantages of succinylcholine as a muscular relaxant in anesthesiology far outweighed its disadvantages”2. Even today in the 6th decade of its use, SCh, despite complications, survived as the “gold stan...

The present study was aimed to evaluate the mechanisms involved in the vasorelaxant effects of red wine polyphenol compounds (RWPC) in small mesenteric rat arteries. RWPC produce relaxation in small mesenteric arteries. This relaxant effect was abolished by endothelial denudation, NO-synthase blockade with L-NAME and partial depolarization with KCl or L-NAME plus KCl. Incubation with the reacti...

objective(s): angiotensin ⅱ type 1 receptor blockers (arbs) represent one of the widely used antihypertensive agents. in addition to anti-hypertension effect, some arbs also show other molecular effects such as activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and so on. here we studied the effects of telmisartan on the rat isolated mesenteric artery rings pre-contracted by phenylephrine ...