Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility in women of reproductive age, affecting 7% of this population. Although not entirely understood, the etiology of PCOS is closely linked to obesity and abdominal adiposity that are considered to worsen the clinical presentation, particularly menstrual irregularities and hyperandrogenism. Lifestyle mo...

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs (e.g., triptorelin) are developed to treat hormone-dependent reproductive cancers. However, these lack a significant direct antitumor activity make them suitable for hormone-refractory In this study, we examined different biological properties of lipid-modified GnRH analogs, with/without D-amino acid substitution at position 6 in prostate and ovaria...

OBJECTIVE Although reproductive and hormonal factors, such as menarche and menopause, have been reported as independent risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), few studies have examined these factors in East Asian populations. In the Korean Heart Study, ASCVD risk related to duration of ovarian hormone exposure was examined in a cohort of 66,104 Korean women. METHODS ...

Many aspects of reproductive physiology are subject to regulation by social interactions. These include changes in neural and physiological substrates of reproduction. How can social behavior produce such changes? In experiments reported here, we manipulated the social settings of teleost fish and measured the effect (1) on stress response as reflected in cortisol production, (2) on reproductiv...

Female reproductive function is controlled by complex interactions of the brain, pituitary gland and ovary. Each of these organs produces unique hormones, and each hormone acts upon the other organs to affect a response. Differentiating the causes and the consequences of reproductive senescence in mammals is thus a 'chicken and egg' puzzle. Surprisingly, recent evidence indicates a more importa...

BACKGROUND Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are necessary for the body's metabolism, growth and development. Although PUFAs play an important role in the regulation of reproduction, their role in testis development in the rooster is unknown. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of omega-3/omega-6 (n-3/n-6, PUFAs) ratios on reproductive performance in young breeder roost...

Intersex is an anomaly in the reproductive system, which characterizes animals that have ambiguity genital system. The documented report of a dog presented abnormalities external genitalia, with presence hemipenis its vulva. animal was submitted to hormone dosage progesterone, testosterone and estrogen. Imaging tests such as ultrasound X-rays were performed, exploratory celiotomy histopathology...

Recently, kisspeptin (KP) and gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH), two counteracting neuropeptides, have been acknowledged as significant regulators of reproductive function. KP stimulates reproduction while GnIH inhibits it. These two neuropeptides seem to be pivotal for the modulation of reproductive activity in response to internal and external cues. It is well-documented that the current...

Non-invasive hormone analysis is a vital tool in assessing an animal's adrenal and reproductive status, which can be beneficial to in situ and ex situ conservation. However, it can be difficult to employ these techniques when monitoring in situ populations away from controlled laboratory conditions, when electricity is not readily available. A practical method for processing faecal samples in t...

Marihuana and alcohol consumption affect adversely reproduction by inhibiting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The endocannabinoid system, present in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues, participates in the regulation of hormones involved in the reproductive physiology such as luteinizing hormone, prolactin and oxytocin. This system is activated in response to pathophys...