Implantable micropump systems capable of user-controlled and site-specific chronic drug delivery in small animals are a critical unmet need in drug discovery and development. Our electrochemical bellows actuator provides current-controlled flow rate and is integrated to form a fully implantable system with a refillable reservoir and one-way valve that prevents mixing of biological fluids with t...

Salmonella causes various infections in humans. Contamination of people by Salmonella may be caused by infected persons, animals and direct contact of those with fluids Salmonella also has an important role in producing pathogens that cause food posinoning. Salmonellas act as primary reservoir for foods such as chicken meat, milk and milk products, eggs and meat products etc. Some of microorgan...

Introduction High enthalpy geothermal systems have been harnessed for electrical power generation for over a 100 years. While the classification scheme for low, medium, and high enthalpy systems varies for different authors (Axelsson and Gunnlaugsson 2000; Benderitter and Cormy 1990; Hochstein 1990; Kaya et al. 2011; Muffler and Cataldi 1978; Nicholson 1993), reservoir temperatures above 150–22...

To the editor, most anesthesiologists estimate blood loss by rough visual assessment, by noting its effects on cardiovascular parameters, by weighing of swabs, by substraction of fluids used in surgical irrigation from blood in suction reservoir, either by laboratory estimation or by trusting their experiences and instinct. I describe here a simple and practical method of estimating operative b...

Crosswell attenuation tomography is used to image reservoir zones that were flooded by carbon dioxide. The swept zones contain mixtures of oil, water and carbon dioxide. Monitoring the saturation of these fluids is an important part of a enhanced oil recovery process. We estimate the changes in P-wave attenuation caused by the injection process. Laboratory data on flooded cores are analyzed in ...

Optimization techniques may be effective in finding best modeling and shape in reinforced concrete reservoirs to improve their durability, mechanical behavior, particularly avoiding or reducing the bending moments in these structures. RCR are one of the major structures applied for reserving fluids to be used in the networks of drinking water. Usually, these structures have fixed shapes which d...

Introduction Copyright 2004, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc. There are many aspects of hydrocarbon production processes where understanding the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media is of great interest. These include well drilling and construction, reservoir stimulation and production. In particular, complex polymeric solutions have been used for water-control purposes or to enhanc...

Colloidal Gas Aphrons (CGA), consist of gas bubbles with diameters ranging from 10 to 100 micron, surrounded by a thin aqueous surfactant film. This fluid combines certain surfactants and polymers to create the systems of microbubbles. The function of surfactant in CGAs is to produce the surface tension to contain the aphrons. Also, a biopolymer needs to be considered in the formulation as ...