The method of testing points generation for identification and correction of integral nonlinearity of high performance ADC is developed. The proposed method is based on averaging all voltages of multi-resistors voltage divider. The main idea of proposed method is in comparison results of analog to digital conversion obtained on different ranges of tested ADC for the same input signals. It is in...

We demonstrate a polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) with negligible hysteresis while keeping submillisecond response time. By doping about 1% dodecyl acrylate (C12A) into the liquid crystal/monomer precursor, both hysteresis and residual birefringence are almost completely eliminated. The operating voltage and scattering properties remain nearly intact, but the tradeoff is enhanced double re...

Triangular-current-mode (TCM) modulation guarantees zero-voltage-switching across the mains cycle in AC-DC power converters, eliminating hard-switching with a minor ≈ 30% penalty conduction losses over conventional continuous current mode (CCM) scheme. TCM-operated however, include wide variation both switching frequency and switched cycle, complicating an analytical description of key operatin...

Calcium influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels plays an important role in neuronal function. In a thin-slice preparation of neonatal rat hypoglossal motoneurons (HMs) we recorded Ba2+ currents through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. We found that HMs have low-voltage-activated (LVA) and at least three types of high-voltage-activat...

We investigated the ionic interactions responsible for the characteristic nonrepetitive spike activity of amacrine cells. First we measured 4 pharmacologically separable ionic components: a voltage-gated, transient inward sodium current, a voltage-gated, sustained inward calcium current, a calcium-gated, sustained outward potassium current, and a voltage-gated, transient outward potassium curre...

We used patch clamp techniques to identify and characterize a variety of K+ channels in primary human peripheral T lymphocytes. The most common channel observed in cell-attached configuration was voltage gated and inactivating. In ensemble averages, the kinetics of its activation and inactivation were similar to those of the whole-cell, voltage-gated K+ current described previously (Cahalan, M....

the ponseti method is a safe and effective treatment for congenital clubfoot, and radically decreases the need for extensive corrective surgery. but a group of patients will still present with under corrected residual equinovarus deformities despite the proper use of the ponseti method. about 25% of operated clubfeet will develop recurrence or show a marked residual deformity (recurrent clubfoo...

We have performed a comparison of the microstructures of state of the art Nb3Al composites processed using both ordinary RHQT (rapid-heating, quenching and transformation) and TRUQ (transformation-heat-based up-quenching) routes. Cross-sections were examined in the as-quenched, untransformed, and final size strands including Cu-clad strand. Both grain size and microchemistry were examined using...

Caenorhabditis elegans spermatogenesis is especially suited for studies of nonrandom cytoplasmic segregation during cellular differentiation. Spermatocytes separate from an anuclear cytoplasmic core and undergo two sequential divisions. During the second division, intracellular organelles segregate specifically to spermatids as they bud from an anuclear residual body. We have applied patch-clam...

SUMMARY In this paper, the initial transients due to arc reignitions associated with high impedance faults caused by leaning trees are extracted using discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In this way, the fault occurrence is localized. The feature extraction is carried out for the phase quantities corresponding to a band frequency 12.5–6.25 kHz. The detection security is enhanced because the DWT c...