The evolution of glyphosate resistance in weedy species places an environmentally benign herbicide in peril. The first report of a dicot plant with evolved glyphosate resistance was horseweed, which occurred in 2001. Since then, several species have evolved glyphosate resistance and genomic information about nontarget resistance mechanisms in any of them ranges from none to little. Here, we rep...

Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of three commercial cultivars, eight experimental cultivars and common bermudagrass to clethodim, glufosinate and glyphosate. Each herbicide was applied at eight doses. Data were regressed on herbicide dose using a log-logistic curve (R2 = 0.56-0.95 for clethodim, R2 = 0.60-0.94 for glufosinate, and R2 = 0.70-0.96 for glyphosate). Th...

BACKGROUND Plants can rapidly evolve resistance to herbicide in response to repeated selection. This study focuses on cross-resistance patterns observed in Lolium rigidum following pyroxasulfone recurrent selection. RESULTS The parental MR (multiresistant) population following four generations of pyroxasulfone recurrent selection evolved cross-resistance to prosulfocarb and triallate. At the ...

M J OWEN* , P J MICHAEL , M RENTON* §, K J STEADMAN– & S B POWLES* *Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia, School of Agriculture and Environment, Division of Science and Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, Northam, WA, Australia, School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia, §CSIRO Sustai...

The challenges of resistance to antibiotics and herbicides have much in common. Antibiotic became a risk the 1950s, but concerted global effort manage it did not begin until after 2000. Widespread herbicide use began during 1950s was soon followed by an unabated rise resistance. Here, we examine what lessons for combatting could be learnt from global, coordinated efforts all stakeholders avert ...

Herbicide resistance in weeds is an evolutionary process. Although there a great global diversity of weeds, independent origins herbicide evolution have been shown to converge into similar molecular and physiological mechanisms geographically distant weed populations. Amaranthus species extraordinary ability evolve invade new environments at scale, which represents opportunity for identifying a...

Herbicide resistance is a ubiquitous challenge to herbicide sustainability and a looming threat to control weeds in crops. Recently four genes were found constituently over-expressed in herbicide resistant individuals of Lolium rigidum, a close relative of Lolium multiflorum. These include two cytochrome P450s, one nitronate monooxygenase and one glycosyl-transferase. Higher expressions of thes...

Evolutionary biologists explain the maintenance of intermediate levels of defense in plant populations as being due to trade-offs, or negative genetic covariances among ecologically important traits. Attempts at detecting trade-offs as constraints on the evolution of defense have not always been successful, leading some to conclude that such trade-offs rarely explain current levels of defense i...