Four experiments explored the rate and structure of human responding on random ratio (RR) schedules of reinforcement, using 3 different methods of analysis. All experiments demonstrated that responding on RR schedules was higher with intermediate ratio values-rates being higher on an RR-30 schedule than on either a RR-10 or RR-60 schedule. All experiments identified 2 distinct types of respondi...

Rhesus monkeys were trained to respond under a variable interval 2 min schedule for codeine or ethanol injections. Both codeine and ethanol were effective in the initiation of variable-interval responding; responding was maintained over a range of codeine (0.003-1.0 mg/kg/injection) and ethanol doses (32.0-560 mg/kg/injection). Maximum rates of responding were obtained at the 0.01 mg/kg/injecti...

he National Security Technology Department (NSTD) began with a single program and a single mission—the security of the Navy’s strategic submarine force. Over the past 25 years of its existence, the department has evolved to successfully accommodate disruptive changes in the external environment. New missions emerged in areas closely aligned with existing endeavors such as undersea surveillance,...

Questions are design problems for both the questioner and the addressee. They must be produced as recognizable objects and must be comprehended by taking into account the context in which they occur and the local situated interests of the participants. This paper investigates how people do ‘questioning’ and ‘responding’ in Italian ordinary conversations. I focus on the features of both question...

According to the ‘cold control theory’ of Dienes and Perner (2007) hypnotic responding is intimately linked to metacognition. Specifically, we proposed that what makes a hypnotic response hypnotic is the intentional performance of a (physical or mental) action while having inaccurate higher order thoughts to the effect that one was not intending the action. That is, the essence of hypnosis is a...