Critical care nurses in the United Kingdom have become increasingly concerned about the use, potential abuse and risks associated with physical restraint of patients. Restraint in critical care is not only confined to physical restraint but can also encompass chemical and psychological methods. There are concerns regarding the legal and ethical issues relating to the (ab)use of physical restrai...

The study aimed to assess dietary restraint and self-esteem as predictors of weight change over a time period of 8 years. Questionnaires assessing self-reported weight, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, and self-esteem were completed by 77 young adults (19 men and 58 women) on two occasions separated by 8 years. On average, participants gained approximately 6 kg over the 8 years. Althoug...

Urocortin 1 (UCN1) is a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-like peptide whose role in stress is not well characterized. To study the physiological role of UCN1 in the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to stress, we generated UCN1-knockout (KO) mice and examined their adaptation to repeated restraint and to cold environment. Wild-type (WT) and UCN1-KO animals were restr...

The present research investigated the notion that passionate restraint or "manly emotion" is a relevant emotion norm not only for men but also for women in modern Western society (MacArthur & Shields, 2015). For this, 2 studies were conducted to assess whether restraint in emotional reactivity is perceived as a sign of both emotional and general competence. Restraint was induced by delaying the...

The use of restraint techniques in contemporary human services is endemic and in some fields is growing. Although I will define restraint more explicitly below, basically, human service restraint is the use of force by service workers to limit the movement of human service clients. Ironically, the analysis of and approaches to this problem for the most part remain relatively elementary and some...

BACKGROUND Cognitive dietary restraint (perceived ongoing effort to limit dietary intake to manage body weight) is common in women at all life stages. In young women, high dietary restraint has been associated with both increased excretion of cortisol (a stress hormone) and reduced bone mass. Whether this occurs in older women is unknown and is reported here for the first time. METHODS Postme...

The overall goal of the study was to describe and enhance the knowledge of the use of containment measures, especially mechanical restraint, in the inpatient psychiatric treatment of adolescents. The contributory goals of this study were to describe nurses’, doctors’ and patients’ attitudes towards various containment measures in adolescent psychiatric wards, to ascertain the extent and nature ...

introduction: mental stress is one of the most important causes of the gastric ulcer. on the other hand, flavonoids such as quercetin show protective effects. the aim of this study was to investigate possible protective effect of quercetin on water restraint stress-induced ulcer in rats. methods: adult male wistar rats were divided into seven groups each containing eight animals. the first grou...

BACKGROUND Previous studies of death during law enforcement restraint have focused on lying restraint positions; this study extends this work to seated restraint positions. METHODS Lung function in a standing control position was compared with lung function in seated positions using 40 volunteers. RESULTS No significant reduction in lung function was detected in an upright seated position. ...

This review examines the risk that passenger airbags pose for children and discusses behavioral and technologic measures aimed at protecting children from airbag deployment. Although airbags reduce fatal crash injuries among adult drivers and passengers, this safety technology increases mortality risk among children younger than age 12. The magnitude of the risk is multiplied when children are ...