We introduce and analyze a multi-period, finite horizon, no-replenishment, dynamic pricing model under duopoly competition between two retailers who sell an identical good. According to our duopoly competition model, a single consumer, whose valuation is uniformly distributed on [0,1], visits only one of the two retailers in each period. If the price posted by the retailer visited by the consum...

In this paper, we discuss the replenishment decision of seasonal products in a two-echelon distribution system consisting of a supplier and multiple retailers. Due to long manufacturing lead time, the supplier orders its entire stock for the season well in advance. The retailers, on the other hand, can replenish their inventory from the supplier throughout the season as demand realizes. Demand ...

This paper develops a Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) model for a two-level supply chain comprised of one vendor and several non-competing retailers in which both the raw material and the finished product have different deterioration rates. It is assumed that the market demand for the finished product is deterministic and price sensitive. The proposed inventory model optimizes the retail price, ...

We study the competition of two supply chains which are subject to supply uncertainty. Each supply chain consists of a supplier and a retailer. The retailers engage in Cournot competition by determining order quantities from their exclusive suppliers. The suppliers may not be able to fulfill the retailer orders at all time due to various causes. We examine the decisions of the suppliers and ret...

Environmentally friendly handling and efficient recycling of waste electrical on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) have grown to be a global social problem. As holders of WEEE, consumers have a significant effect on the recycling process. A consideration of and attention to the influence of consumer behavior in the recycling process can help achieve more effective recycling of WE...

Retailers advertise on different sales channels. When consumers buy online, the effectiveness of advertising is discounted because they cannot feel product. Observing this phenomenon, paper studies strategy a dual-channel retailer. In paper, we build stylized game models for retailer’s price and levels online offline channels, respectively. Our contribution to provide prescriptions how retailer...

Sharing common production, resources and services to reduce cost are important for not for profit operations due to limited and mission-oriented budget and effective cost allocation mechanisms are essential for encouraging effective collaborations. In this paper, we illustrate how rigorous methodologies can be developed to derive effective cost allocations to facilitate sustainable collaboratio...

We propose a dynamic programming framework for retailers of frequently-purchased consumer goods in which the prices affect both the profit-per-visit in the current period and the number of visitors (i.e., store traffic) in future periods. We show that optimal category prices in the infinite-horizon problem also maximize the closed form sum of a geometric series, allowing us to derive meaningful...

The consolidation of power among retailers in recent years has forced many manufacturers to compete in a channel structure in which managing relations with retailers has become just as important as competing with one’s rivals. One consequence of this is that supply terms are now often negotiated individually with each retailer (e.g., wholesale prices, quantity discounts, cooperative advertising...

the determination of the ultimate pit limit (upl) is the first step in the open pit mine planning process. in this stage that parts of the mineral deposit that are economic to mine are determined. there are several mathematical, heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms to determine upl. the optimization criterion in these algorithms is maximization of the total profit whilst satisfying the...