Objective: Informed consent is very important to protect the rights of patients and is obtained as a vital component of any clinical study. Requirement of patient consent in retrospective research continues to stir controversy even today. Some of directions of regulatory authorities even waive off the consent for retrospective studies, whereas few recommend that at least clearance from the Ethi...

objective: memory impairment is one of the most pervasive cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenic patients. the aim of the current study was to conduct the most comprehensive assessment of how prospective memory (pm) is affected in schizophrenia in comparison with healthy controls. methods: in this study, 30 first-episode schizophrenic patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of the diagn...

BACKGROUND Scabies is a neglected skin disease, and little is known about current incidence and treatment patterns in the United States. The purpose of this study was to examine demographic data, treatment types, success of treatment, and misdiagnosis rate of scabies in an outpatient dermatology clinic. METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with scabies within the past 5 ...

OBJECTIVE This study assessed 47 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with implants manufactured in Brazil, with a mean follow-up of five years. METHODS This was a retrospective study at Santa Casa de Misericordia Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, from January 1993 to December 2002. The sample comprised 47 patients (44 females and three males) who underwent TKA, totaling 58 knees. T...

BACKGROUND The true cause of death in severe hyponatraemic patients remains controversial. The present study aimed to analyse the relationship between comorbidity, medical management and prognosis in severe hyponatraemic patients. METHODS Medical records of all patients hospitalised in our institution in 2012 with a plasma sodium ≤120 mmol/l were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS One hundre...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the risk of infection with HIV (HIV 1 or HIV 2, or both) from transfusion of a screened unit of blood in a high prevalence area in west Africa. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study for January-July 1991. SETTING National Blood Transfusion Centre, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. SUBJECTS Repeat donors (5831 units of blood) and first time donors (5076 units) in the first five mon...

INTRODUCTION Ocular trauma is one of the very important causes of blindness and disability in developing countries; despite the fact that it is preventable in the majority of cases. Considering the importance of the topic and the fact that most of such injuries are preventable, a better understanding of the etiology and epidemiology of the injuries has a vital importance in planning for reducti...

OBJECTIVE Presence of high-risk factor in cervical cancer is known to be associated with decreased survival outcomes. However, the significance of multiple high-risk factors in early-stage cervical cancer related to survival outcomes, recurrence patterns, and treatment implications is not well elucidated. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted for surgically treated cervical cancer patie...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinicopathological features, survival and prognostic factors for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) in a Chinese population. METHODS We investigated 154 consecutive patients (88 males, 66 females; median age 56 years, age range 9-86 years) diagnosed with GEP-NENs between 2001 and 2013 at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Demog...

BACKGROUND World Health organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis as a global emergency because it poses a serious public health threat in different countries especially, in Africa. According to WHO report of 2007, Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) coverage in Ethiopia reached 95 percent of the population; despite this fact the trend of tuberculosis in most of the districts of Ethi...