The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the combined RF radiation (837 MHz CDMA plus 1950 MHz WCDMA) signal on levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neuronal cells. Exposure of the combined RF signal was conducted at specific absorption rate values of 2 W/kg of CDMA plus 2 W/kg of WCDMA for 2 h. Co-exposure to combined RF radiation with either H2O2 or me...

A thorough investigation of N-channel multifinger MOSFET capacitances in dark and under optical illumination is presented in this paper. The intrinsic and extrinsic capacitances are modelled and analysed considering the scaling effects for sub-micron scale MOSFET. Bias dependence is taken into account and capacitances essential for small signal model for RF frequency operation are evaluated. Th...

T/R switches, baluns and detuning elements are three major devices to reduce RF/EM couplings among receive RF coils, transmit RF coils and MRI system environment around RF coils in MRI system. Inadequate designs on these parts often lead to unnecessary high transmit power consumption, noisy NMR signal and the RF heating issues. In this paper we discuss the basic functions, theories and commonly...

As more and more portable devices connect to the Internet, the need for power-efficient wireless transceivers is on the rise. Simultaneous proliferation of multiple wireless protocols necessitates flexible and configurable RF system design. As a consequence, RF system designers are today faced with the challenge of designing the most power-efficient, smallest yet configurable RF transceivers. B...

When passing through the RF analog electronics devices of the transceiver, the information signal is subject to various distortions named ’dirty RF’,which degrades the communication system performance.In this paper, we first overview dirty RF effects and then propose an analytical evaluation of the performance of OFDM system where I/Q imbalance, HPA , and phase noise effects are jointly taken i...

RF controls of the superconducting cavities have to deal with an extremely heavy beam loading in CESR. A feature of the CESR RF system operation is that superconducting cavities are under-coupled at high beam currents. This means that the RF system operates very close to Robinson stability limit. Analysis of the steadystate stability of the CESR RF system and the results of measurements with be...

From RF to microwave: With their new options, the R&S®SMB100A analog signal generators can now generate frequencies up to 20 GHz or 40 GHz. These “new” signal generators also incorporate the excellent characteristics of the proven Rohde&Schwarz RF instruments, including excellent single sideband phase noise and high output power. What makes them so special? They prove that microwave and compact...

We present a vision and preliminary results for a combined RF-Biological Systems where the Electro-Magnetic energy of RF signals is transduced into control-signals for biological signaling-processes. We show how such systems can be used to build extremely low-power sensor networks. We present our approach and propose a system architecture constituted of a passive RF Front End (RF-FE), Bio-Mecha...

With the advance of high speed laser technology, optical interaction with microwave circuits has become highly viable. Such interaction is advantageous as the fiber is low-loss, lightweight, and immune to electromagnetic interference. In this paper, interaction of direct-modulated and gain-switched optical links with active antenna phased array systems is demonstrated. In the direct-modulated o...

A charge conserving small-signal equivalent circuit with very simple and accurate parameter extraction method for a three-terminal CMOS RF model is presented. We found that significant errors in circuit performances can be obtained if charge conserving non-reciprocal capacitances are not properly considered. It is also found that one accurate large-signal I-V model is enough to be used for DC, ...