Twelve specimens of truncus arteriosus communis have been studied anatomically, with special reference to the conal anatomy and to the associated cardiac anomalies which can create additional problems if surgical repair is planned. A wide spectrum of conal morphology has been observed, suggesting that differential conal absorption is a developmental characteristic of truncus arteriousus as well...

The cross sectional echocardiographic description of holes in the ventricular septum has been unsatisfactory, chiefly because there are so many classifications of this defect. The accurate description of the anatomy of individual defects, from cross sectional images, is more important than attempts to fit them into a preconceived classification. One hundred specimens of hearts with a ventricula...

we assessed different systolic cardiac indices to detect left and right ventricular systolic dysfunction in cirrhotic patients before liver transplantation. between 2010-2011, 81 consecutive individuals with confirmed hepatic cirrhosis who were a candidate for liver transplantation were enrolled in this study. a total of 32 age and sex matched healthy volunteers were also selected as the contro...

brought to light by a study of them, but because they will serve as a means for demonstrating the principal facts on which the modern conceptions of cardiac arrhythmia are based. First, certain facts as to the anatomy and physiology of the cardiac muscle must be recalled. The primitive heart is a muscular tube, the powerfully contracting chamber is a later development, and the valves and perica...

Introduction: Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS), an autosomal recessive rare connective tissue disorder characterized by tortuosity, elongation and stenosis in the large and medium sized arteries. It manifestations include vascular and nonvascular connective tissue related symptoms. In this literature we describe the first cases of ATS from Iran. Case report: A six-months-old female wa...

INTRODUCTION Situs inversus totalis with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries represents a relatively rare congenital condition. CASE DESCRIPTION The current report describes the case of a 56 year old patient with an atrio-ventricular and ventricular-arterial discordance of the heart chambers without surgical correction, incidentally detected during hepatocellular carcin...

A prototype multiple crystal echocardiographic system developed by Bom and associates was used to evaluate cross-sectional cardiac anatomy in real time in twenty infants and children with endocardial cushion defect (ECD). The findings were compared to fifty normal infants and children and nineteen patients with normal mitral valve anatomy but right ventricular enlargement (RVE). Three standard ...

Background: Assessment of myocardial function is essential in heart disease, but in regard to systolic and diastolic functions such evaluation has limitation. Ejection fraction is difficult to assess in abnormally-shaped ventricles, and diastolic inflow velocity pattern may be fused because of tachycardia. Objective: A myocardial performance index (MPI) or Tei index has been developed for adult...

an elevated pulmonary artery pressure (pap) from any cause is associated with increased mortality, especially in cases of primary pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah). one of the many reasons behind a bad prognosis is the inherent difficulty in assessing right ventricular (rv) function with reproducible methods. intensive research involving the left heart has made it relatively easy to assess ...

The influence of site of acute myocardial infarction on heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance (TPR), cardiac rhythm, and mortality was determined in 58 anesthetized cats by occlusion of either the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex or right coronary artery. LAD occlusion resulted in immediate decrease in cardiac output, heart rate, and blood pressu...