RObust Header Compression (ROHC), RFC 3095, defines a framework for header compression, along with a number of compression protocols (profiles). One operating assumption for the profiles defined in RFC 3095 is that the channel between compressor and decompressor is required to maintain packet ordering. This document discusses aspects of using ROHC over channels that can reorder packets. It prov...

In this paper we have developed a model of an all optical router based on the terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer (TOAD). The model architecture is based on a system which has as its input an OTDM packet containing header and payload information. The model simulates extraction of header information from the data stream using one TOAD, which is subsequently used to make a routing decision...

Road condition monitoring through real-time intelligent systems has become more and more significant due to heavy road transportation. Road conditions can be roughly divided into normal and anomaly segments. The number of former should be much larger than the latter for a useable road. Based on the nature of road condition monitoring, anomaly detection is applied, especially for pothole detecti...

The paper describes a concept for GIS based terrain mobility modelling and optimization of off-road route. The concept of generation of cost surface is based on machine, terrain, tree coverage, road and weather objects. Different cost surface alternatives can be generated according to changing information in objects. A regular costpath analysis is used to determine alternative routes in differe...

Road sign recognition is one of the core technologies in Intelligent Transport Systems. In the current study, a robust and real-time method is presented to identify and detect the roads speed signs in road image in different situations. In our proposed method, first, the connected components are created in the main image using the edge detection and mathematical morphology and the location of t...

The detection of road lane markings has many practical applications, such as advanced driver assistance systems and road maintenance. In this paper we propose an algorithm to detect and recognize road lane markings from panoramic images. Our algorithm consists of four steps. First, an inverse perspective mapping is applied to the image, and the potential road markings are segmented based on the...

By default, message header field parameters in Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) messages cannot carry characters outside the ISO8859-1 character set. RFC 2231 defines an encoding mechanism for use in Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) headers. This document specifies an encoding suitable for use in HTTP header fields that is compatible with a profile of the encoding defined in RFC 2...

Since Winter Road Maintenance (WRM) is an important activity in Nordic countries, accurate intelligent cost-effective WRM can create precise advance plans for developing decision support systems to improve traffic safety on the roads, while reducing cost and negative environmental impacts. Lack of comprehensive knowledge inaccurate information would lead a certain loss budget, reduction, irrepa...

Computational fluid dynamics was used to search for the links between the observed pattern of attack seen in a bauxite refinery’s heat exchanger headers and the hydrodynamics inside the header. Validation of the computational fluid dynamics results was done by comparing then with flow parameters measured in a 1:5 scale model of the first pass header in the laboratory. Computational fluid dynami...