Nowadays, it is necessary to apply modern techniques for the design of road networks, especially roads passing through ecosystems such as forests, in order to reduce operating costs, prevent further degradation of the environment, increase road efficiency and achieve sustainable development goals. In this paper, a new way of designing the road is presented. New design method has the ability to ...

Background and Objectives: Road accidents are regarded as one of the most critical global health issues. In Iran, road accidents are the second cause of death, followed by cardiovascular diseases. The present study was conducted with the aim of the epidemiological evaluation of deaths caused by road accidents in Torbat Heydariyeh City, Iran, between 2013 and 2017. Methods: This is a cross-sec...

BACKGROUND AND AIM A significant social and economic burden inflicts by road traffic injuries (RTIs). We aimed to use Bayesian model, to present the precise method, and to estimate the cost of RTIs in Iran in 2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study on costs resulting from traffic injuries, 846 people per road user were randomly selected and investigated during 3 months (1st Sep...

forest road construction is the most costly operation in forestry. road designing and construction in unsuitable areas may increase construction and maintenance costs and also cause many environmental impacts. therefore, it is required to pay more attention to forest road design. in this research, we tried to introduce an appropriate method for locating forest roads using gis and ahp simultaneo...

background and objective : to resource allocating at national levels as results of productivity, cost calculation helps to determine the size of the problem and revealed cost benefits of injury prevention and it can also ensure the better resource using and cost benefit assessment. this study was conducted to determine the method of calculating road traffic injuries cost. materials and methods:...

The real world is a complex dynamic and stochastic environment. This is especially true for the traffic moving daily on our roads. As such, accurate modeling that correctly considers the real-world dynamics and the inherent stochasticity is very important, especially if government will base its road tax decisions on the outcomes of these models. The contemporary traffic prices, if any, however ...

We compare the affect associated with students learning from an intelligent tutoring system, Aplusix, and a game, Math Blaster 9-12, covering very similar mathematical content. Quantitative field observations of student affect were conducted in classrooms in private schools in the Philippines. Students experienced large amounts of positive affect in both environments. It has been hypothesized t...

In Northern Europe, Scandinavia and in mountainous areas elsewhere in Europe, a considerable portion of road accidents has adverse weather (e.g. strong winds, snow and ice) as a primary or a contributing cause. In future climate, wind will probably appear as a more serious and frequent threat to road traffic than in present climate. Another consequence of climate change on road traffic is the n...