While there is widespread agreement among economists and management scholars that knowledge spillovers exist and have important economic consequences, researchers know substantially less about the "micro mechanisms" of spillovers -about the degree to which they are geographically localized, for example, or about the degree to which spillovers from public institutions are qualitatively different...

In this paper, we demonstrate a novel carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced macroporous adsorption resin (MAR) for the first time. The CNTs were dispersed in water via sonication, and then in situ physically entrapped in the pores of MAR by capillary forces and sonication. The resulting CNT reinforced MAR (CNT-MAR) was proved by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal laser scanning micr...

This paper examines the theoretical impacts of spatial externalities whose marginal impacts decline with distance, referred to as “edge effect externalities”. A simple one dimensional model appropriate for analysis of policy measures and the potential for bargaining between affected agents is outlined, and the production impacts of this class of externalities are illustrated. Edge effect extern...

STEM Graduates, Human Capital Externalities, and Wages in the U.S. Previous research suggests that the local stock of human capital creates positive externalities within local labor markets and plays an important role in regional economic development. However, there is still considerable uncertainty over what types of human capital are most important. Both national and local policymakers in the...

Although the IS/LM-AS/AD model is still the central tool of macroeconomic teaching in most macroeconomic textbooks, it has been criticized by several economists. Colander (1995) demonstrated that the framework is logically inconsistent, Romer (2000) showed that it is unable to deal with a monetary policy that uses the interest rate as its operating target, and Walsh criticized that it is not we...

In this study, gamma rays were used to irradiate embryogenic calli induced from cotyledon explants of Panax ginseng Meyer. After the embryogenic calli were irradiated, they were transferred to adventitious roots using an induction medium; next, mutated adventitious root (MAR) lines with a high frequency of adventitious root formations were selected. Two MAR lines (MAR 5-2 and MAR 5-9) from the ...

Applying the macroeconomic model developed by Romer (2000), this paper finds that more mobile phone subscriptions, Internet users, and broadband adoption raise output (real GDP) in South Korea. In addition, fiscal expansion a higher expected inflation rate reduce whereas real appreciation of Korean won increases output. Therefore, governments should support investments ICT (information communic...