Fallow deer did not prefer either of the two main canopy species (silver beech, Nothofagus menziesii, and radiata pine, Pinus radiata), or any of the common indigenous shrubs, ferns, herbs and monocotyledons in three habitat types (beech, shrub-hardwood, and exotic forest). They did prefer all the common sub canopy tree species, and these comprised the bulk of diet in all habitats. Broadleaf (G...

Roots of forest trees are associated with various ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal species that are involved in nutrient exchange between host plant and the soil compartment. The identification of ECM fungi in small environmental samples is difficult. The present study tested the feasibility of attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy followed by hierarchical c...

The population structure of red beech (Nothofagus fusclI) is described for four forest stands situated at different altitudes on 1\.louot Colenso. Data cn red beech seedling densities and frequency distributions of living and dead tree dir:.meters (d.b.h.) arc presented. Red beech seedlings are shown to be more numerous, and on average larger, en decaying red beech logs than elsewhere. This see...

Forest containing rata (Metrosideros umbellata) and kamahi (Weinmannia racemosa), with scattered trees of silver beech (Nothofagus menziesii), was sampled on Cedar Hill, Owaka Valley, Catlins Ecological Region. Diameter frequency distributions, age estimates, and basal area measurements show single cohort establishment of rata and kamahi, whereas three establishment phases of silver beech are e...

Changes in density and breeding of the house mouse (Mus musculus) in a New Zealand forest dominated by hard beech (Nothofagus truncata) were monitored for 2.5 years. Mice bred during winter and increased dramatically in density only during a beech mast year. Mice readily ate the endosperm and embryo of hard beech seed in the laboratory and chemical analysis showed it to be a very nutritious foo...

To investigate the impact of organic N compounds for inorganic nitrogen uptake in the rhizosphere, we fed ammonium nitrate with or without amino acids (i.e., glutamine or arginine) to the roots of non-mycorrhizal beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings under controlled conditions at different levels of N availability. Uptake of individual N sources was determined from ¹⁵N (inorganic N) and ¹⁵N ¹³C...

The Paringa district is almost completely forested below timberline, with conifer /hardwood forests pre;-ailing in the northeast, and silver beech widely dominant in the southwest, especially at the higher altitudes. In a transitional zone, silver beech grows as scattered stands, isolated by distances up to 6 km. During heavy glaciation of the mountainous part of the district, silver beech may ...

Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin (F/U: 1.25), melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resin (F/(U+M): 1.05), and three kinds of wood species including poplar (Populus davidiana Dode), beech (Fagus engleriana Seem.), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus robusta Smith) were used to produce plywood. The effects of sealing treatment and wood species on the formaldehyde emissions were studied. The anatomical characteris...