Twelve trials, in closed soilless culture under controlled conditions, were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of resistance inducers (based on K-phosphite and K-silicate used alone or combination), experimental biocontrol agents (Trichoderma sp. TW2, a mixture Pseudomonas FC 7B, 8B, 9B, Fusarium solani FUS25, PB26), commercial formulation Trichoderma gamsii + T. asperellum, against diseases ...

Cassava root rots are important diseases in different agroecological zones of West Africa. The causing pathogens were collected from 101 farmers’ fields in forest mosaic savanna, southern guinea savanna, northern guinea savanna and sudan savanna of Benin were isolated, identified and analyzed for their virulence. A total of 51 isolates were found showing different disease reaction with 13.7% hi...

In this paper we generalize the notion of an ι-symmetric word, from an antimorphic involution, to an arbitrary involution ι as follows: a nonempty word w is said to be ι-symmetric if w = αβ = ι(βα) for some words α, β . We propose the notion of ιtwin-roots (x, y) of an ι-symmetric wordw. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the ι-twin-roots of an ι-symmetric word, and show that the left fac...

A total of 432 bacterial isolates from washed and unwashed eggs, egg-washer surfaces, and washwaters from five egg-grading plants in Maryland and southeastern Pennsylvania were classified. Counts on equipment surfaces showed considerable variation from plant to plant, reflecting care used in cleaning. Unwashed eggs had a higher percentage of gram-positive cocci (71%), and isolates included Stre...