Recent developments in microfluidic and nanofluidic technologies have renewed interest in the influence of surface roughness on the slip behavior of viscous fluids (see the survey by PRIEZJEV and TROIAN [20] and the references cited therein). As a matter of fact, this issue have been subjected to discussion for over two centuries by many distinguished scientists who developed the foundations of...

AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the association of different degradations on the roughness, gloss, and color changes of microhybrid composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten specimens were prepared for Charisma, Amelogen Plus, Point 4, and Opallis resins. Surfaces were polished and baseline measurements of roughness, gloss, and color were recorded. Specimens were then submitted to ch...

Despite the continuing efforts to improve existing soil moisture retrieval algorithms, the ability to estimate soil moisture from passive microwave observations is still hampered by problems in accurately modelling the observed microwave signal. Due to the significant influence of both soil roughness and vegetation on the measured brightness temperatures, the parameterisation of these variables...

That surface roughness has an effect on fluid flow in networks has been understood for well over a century. The exact effect roughness has on fluid flow has not been completely understood, but a working estimate has been offered by a variety of authors over time. The work of Colebrook, Nikuradse, and Moody has provided practitioners with a method to include at least a first order estimate of ro...

Seitavuopio, P.J, 2006. The roughness and imaging characterisation of different pharmaceutical surfaces Dissertationes biocientiarum molecularium Universitatis Helsingiensis in Viikki, 10/2006, pp.91, ISBN 952-10-3117-4 (print) ISBN 952-10-3118-2 (pdf) ISSN 1795-7079. The surface properties of solid state pharmaceutics are of critical importance. Processing modifies the surfaces and effects sur...

An accurate estimation of roughness coefficients is of vital importance in any open channel flow study. In flood routing in natural rivers, most channels have compound sections and the roughness values in main channel and flood plains are usually different. In order to have more accurate results, the roughness of main channel and flood plains should be considered separately. It is possible to i...

A controversial point in fluid dynamics is to distinguish the relative importance of surface roughness and fluid-surface intermolecular interactions in determining the boundary condition. Here hydrodynamic forces were compared for flow of Newtonian fluids past surfaces of variable roughness but similar, poorly wetted, surface chemistry. The critical shear stress and shear rate to observe deviat...

Vegetation resistance influences water flow in floodplains. Characterization of vegetation for hydraulic modeling includes the description of the spatial variability of vegetation type, height and density. In this research, we explored the use of dual polarized Radarsat-2 wide swath mode backscatter coefficients (σ°) and Landsat 5 TM to derive spatial hydraulic roughness. The spatial roughness ...

The effect of structured roughness on the heat transfer of water flowing through minichannels was experimentally investigated in this study. The test channels were formed by two 12.7 mm wide 94.6 mm long stainless steel strips. Eight structured roughness elements were generated using a wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) process as lateral grooves of sinusoidal profile on the channel wall...

Human subjects can tactually estimate the magnitude of surface roughness. Although many psychophysical and neurophysiological experiments have elucidated the peripheral neural mechanisms that underlie tactile roughness estimation, the associated cortical mechanisms are not well understood. To identify the brain regions responsible for the tactile estimation of surface roughness, we used functio...