Rice and wheat are mainly planted in a row structure in China. Radiative transfer models have the potential to provide an accurate description of the bidirectional reflectance characteristics of the canopies of row-planted crops, but few of them have addressed the problem of row-planted structures. In this paper, a new 4SAIL-RowCrop model for row-planted rice and wheat canopies was developed by...

The mungbean production area is increasing in Australia due to increasing demand for the grain in Asian countries. However, the mungbean crop is generally grown with wide row spacing, and therefore, it is prone to heavy weed infestation which has a significant impact on the mungbean grain yield. Experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 to determine the row-spacing impact on crop yield and we...

in order to compare the performance of different weed mangement methods in spring and waiting planting of rainfed chickpea this experiment was carrid out as split plot in randomized complete block design with four replications at maragheh agricaltural research station during 2004–2005 crop season. the main factors were planting ِdates including the waiting and spring planting. sub plots were wee...

Effective and efficient irrigation practices are critical to successful rice production and to the sustainability of rice production. To better understand how to address the issue of water management in rice we initially installed water flow meters on two studies that were designed to evaluate disease incidence using fertility, variety/hybrid, and water management as treatment variables. One st...

The use of glyphosate resistant soybean (GRS) cultivars has increased rapidly from their introduction in 1996 to over 50% of Wisconsin soybean acres in 1999. While much research has been conducted using conventional cultivars to measure the influence of row spacing and seeding rates on soybean growth and yield, little has been done with new GRS cultivars. It may be necessary and/or more profita...

Mixed cropping, also known as inter-cropping, polyculture, or co-cultivation, is a type of plant production system that involves planting two more species (or cultivars) simultaneously in the same field variable order (row rowless) [...]

The purpose of the analysis machines for planting seedlings produced by various manufacturers was to determine best ratio balance prices and labor costs machine seedlings. It established that highest competitiveness coefficient obtained a 4-row with carousel apparatus.