We show that if a Legendrian knot in standard contact R3 possesses a generating family then there exists an augmentation of the Chekanov-Eliashberg DGA so that the associated linearized contact homology is isomorphic to singular homology groups arising from the generating family. We discuss the relationship between normal rulings, augmentations, and generating families. In particular, we provid...

The genus Tachuris Lafresnaye, 1836 was recently placed in a new monotypic family rank taxon, Tachurididae Ohlson, Irestedt, Ericson & Fjeldså, 2013, proposed to reflect the molecular recovery of this taxon as an independent lineage related to Tyrannidae Vigors, 1825 and Rhynchocyclidae Berlepsch, 1907 (Ohlson et al. 2013). The purpose of this paper is to propose a correction in the original sp...

Over the past decade, 14 countries have undertaken a total of 18 debt restructurings. Concerns surrounding some of these restructurings have led policymakers and capital market participants to review their policies and practices on restructuring sovereign debt. in particular, court rulings as a result of litigation against Argentina have raised fears that a small minority of creditors could blo...

The crimes of genocide are among the that Kurdistan witnessed in last moment, because all violations against humanity and heinous ISIS committed. Scholars, therefore, research, I explained those legal rulings for these crimes.