Experimental observations show that there is a magnetic field threshold for runaway electron generation in tokamak disruptions. A possible explanation for these observations is that the runaway beam excites whistler waves that scatter the electrons in velocity space and prevents the beam from growing. The growth rates of the most unstable whistler waves are inversely proportional to the magneti...

Public policy is unsettled with regard to juvenile status offenders--children who are subject to juvenile court jurisdiction for noncriminal behavior such as running away from home, incorrigibility, truancy, and curfew violation. In 1974, the federal Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act initiated a national policy of status offender "deinstitutionalization," supporting the developmen...

Highly relativistic runaway electrons are of great concern in the area of fusion energy research, since their presence in tokamak plasmas have the potential to hinder the successful and stable operation of the device, and potentially cause severe structural damage. In this thesis, runaway electron generation dynamics is investigated using the newly developed efficient computational tool CODE. A...

We present a sample of 20 runaway M dwarf candidates (RdMs) within 1 kpc of the Sun whose Galactocentric (GC) velocities exceed 400 km s. The candidates were selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7 M Dwarf Catalog of West et al. Our RdMs have SDSS+USNO-B proper motions that are consistent with those recorded in the PPMXL, LSPM, and combined Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer+SDSS...

Nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is an appealing control method as it allows to control multi-input multi-output processes while taking constraints into account. It is based on successively solving open-loop optimal control problems. Although NMPC schemes may naturally exhibit a certain degree of inherent robustness, an explicit consideration of process uncertainties is preferable, par...

Although youthful homoeroticism has been documented by artisans, poets, and historians for thousands of years, it was not until the early 1970s that American scientists—primarily medical researchers and mental health professionals—began systematically studying a newly recognized clinical group they classified as “gay youth.” Casting doubt on earlier interpretations that adolescent same-sex enco...

This article examines employee agency in psychological contracts by exploring how young scientists proactively shape their careers in response to unmet expectations induced by academic entrepreneurialism. It uses the lens of social exchange to examine their relationships with the professors engaged in two types of activities: collaborative research characterized by diffuse/reciprocal exchange, ...

Disruptions in a large tokamak can cause serious damage to the device and should be avoided or mitigated. Massive gas or killer pellet injection are possible ways to obtain a controlled fast plasma shutdown before a natural disruption occurs. In this work, plasma shutdown scenarios with different types of impurities are studied for an ITER-like plasma. Plasma cooling, runaway generation and the...

This article extends and adds more realism to Lande's analytical model for evolution under mate choice by using individual-based simulations in which females sample a finite number of males and the genetic architecture of the preference and preferred trait evolves. The simulations show that the equilibrium heritabilities of the preference and preferred trait and the genetic correlation between ...

Be stars are B-type main-sequence that display broad Balmer emission lines in their spectra. Identification of population is essential to further examine the formation and evolutionary models. We report detection classical (CBe) from observations with Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope Medium Resolution Survey Date Release 7 (LAMOST MRS DR7). used a deep convolutional neu...