I Siewert M, Gnekow H. Uber die Stabilitat von Glucose-Elektrolyt-Mischungen (oral rehydration salts: ORS) zur Therapeutie von Durchfallerankungen). Phartnazeutische Zeitung 1983;128: 1169-74. 2 Hoffman SL, Moechtar MA, Simajutank C, et al. Rehydration and maintenance therapy of cholera patients in Jakarta: citrate-based versus bicarbonate-based oral rehydration salt solution. J Infect Dis 1985...

in this study two modes ofreading (car and traditional print mode) were compared in regards to their effectiveness for l2 reading comprehension. a group of 120 english major students were divided into three classes: car, traditional, and control. based on the english proficiency scores each class was divided into two groups (high and low levels of proficiency). three classes were taught by the ...

This article bridges Sri Lankan studies and the academic debate on the relation between contemporary Islam and politics. It constitutes a case study of the Muslim community in Akkaraipattu on Sri Lanka’s war-ridden east coast. Over two decades of ethnically colored conflict have made Muslim identity of paramount importance, but the meanings attached to that identity vary substantively. Politici...

This paper investigates how medieval Islam encouraged scienti…c innovation. By granting non-Muslims a degree of religious freedom, Muslim law created competition between religions for converts and social standing. Institutionalized tolerance, coupled with initial disadvantages in the number of adherents and sophistication of theological scholarship, encouraged Muslim religious elites to promote...

ali shariati was undoubtedly among the most important of the prerevolutionary islamist thinker particularly insofar as he made islam a politically respectable force for many young men and women in iran's traditional middle classes. shariati was novel for the time in terms of his education and intellectual influences. the clear attraction of ideology for shariati is that he believes by means of ...

The aim of this paper is to reveal how misconceptions—or using the concept of Arkoun, “the crisis of meanings”—about the role and position of Islam in Europe is impacting on the discourse on sport, Islam, and immigration. France is selected as a case study for this paper as it is in this country where the debate on religion in general and Islam in particular seem to be more contentious in relat...

Taking the cue from the controversial speech of Pope Benedict XVI at the University of Regensburg in 2006, this paper explores the connection between the apparently divergent positions taken by the Catholic Church and the European secular establishment on the question of European identity and Islam. The argument is advanced that the proceduralism of the European secular establishment contribute...

This paper attempts to demonstrate that it is not only the universal principles of Islam that ground our everyday actions, but also the practical and immediate issues which we confront. Although Islam provides a universal set of principles to make life meaningful, I shall argue that these principles are vernacularized and localized in specific narratives. By offering seven diverse zones of Isla...