Shoulder surgeons need to be aware of the critical size of the glenoid or humeral osseous defects seen in patients with anterior shoulder instability, since the considerable size of osseous defect is reported to cause postoperative instability. Biomechanical studies have identified the size of the osseous defect which affects stability. Since engagement always occurs between a Hill-Sachs lesion...

Arthroscopic Bankart repair is now a well-established technique for the treatment of shoulder instability. However, failure rates are considerable when significant bony defects are not addressed. Hill-Sachs lesions, present in the vast majority of those with recurrent anterior instability, when of significant dimension and location, may account for some of these failures. The remplissage proced...

This Essay is an attempt to go back to some of the principles and factors which lay behind the launching of the Uruguay Round and the package which resulted, to look at some of the current unease about the WTO, and to see where the institution may need to go to reassert its role to command fully public and political confidence once again. CONCLUDING THE URUGUAY ROUNDCREATING THE NEW ARCHITECTUR...

The connection between the Bondi-Sachs (BS) and the Newman-Penrose (NP) framework for the study of the asymptotics of the gravitational field is done. In particular the coordinate transformation relationg the BS luminosity parameter and the NP affine parameter is obtained. Using this coordinate transformation it is possible to express BS quantities in terms of NP quantities, and to show that if...

One presents a phase-space noncommutative extension of Quantum Cosmology in the context of a Kantowski-Sachs (KS) minisuperspace model. We obtain the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation for the noncommutative system through the ADM formalism and a suitable Seiberg-Witten map. The resulting WDW equation explicitly depends on the phase-space noncommutative parameters, θ and η. Numerical solutions of th...

Coloboma as an ocular finding has been documented in various syndromes. Here we have a case of infantile Tay-Sachs disease associated with unilateral choroidal coloboma. To the best of our knowledge, such an association has not been documented in the literature. Whether such an association is a matter of chance or signifies the involvement of ganglioside metabolism in ocular embryogenesis remai...

Hexosaminidase activity was determined in cultured and uncultured amniotic fluid cells taken from seven pregnant women who had previously given birth to infants with Tay-Sachs disease. Complete deficiency of hexosaminidase A was found in one case, indicating a Tay-Sachs fetus. The diagnosis was confirmed on examination of various tissues after therapeutic abortion. Of the other six cases three ...

It is well known that free (unconstrained) initial data for the gravitational field in general relativity can be identified on an initial hypersurface consisting of two intersecting null hypersurfaces. Here the phase space of vacuum general relativity associated with such an initial data hypersurface is defined; a Poisson bracket is defined, via Peierls’ prescription, on sufficiently regular fu...

The subject of this paper is the derivation of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (iSW) effect in cosmologies with coupled dark matter and dark energy fluids. These couplings influence the iSWeffect in three ways: The Hubble function assumes a different scaling, the structure growth rate shows a different time evolution, and in addition, the Poisson equation, which relates the density perturbations to ...