Since West and colleagues showed clear benefits in outcomes for patients treated at specialized trauma centers in the 1970s, patients could no longer be simply transported to the nearest hospital. Scoring systems were initially created for the purposes of field triage. Of necessity these systems must be straightforward and user-friendly for prehospital personnel. Scoring systems should accurate...

Acute pancreatitis is one of the common encountered disorders in common surgical practice. In recent times management has changed dramatically with majority of decisions like role of antibiotics, use of Ryle’s tube, nutrition etc. Ranson’s and APACHE II scoring systems are the two major scoring systems to predict the severity of disease, but the efficacy between the two scoring systems still re...

Introduction: Accurate evaluation of metastasis and life prognosis is essential for selecting a suitable therapeutic strategy for metastatic spine tumors owing to limitations in treatment options. For this purpose, various classification, evaluation, and scoring systems have been developed. Methods: Classification, evaluation, and scoring systems for metastatic spine tumors reported to date wer...